Diabetic wound shows delayed and incomplete healing processes, which in turn exposes patients to an environment with a high risk of infection. This article has summarized current developments of nanoparticles/hydrogels and nanotechnology used for promoting the wound healing process in either diabetic animal models or patients with diabetes mellitus. These nanoparticles/hydrogels promote diabetic wound healing by loading bioactive molecules (such as growth factors, genes, proteins/peptides, stem cells/exosomes, etc.) and nonbioactive substances (metal ions, oxygen, nitric oxide, etc.). Among them, smart hydrogels (a very promising method for loading many types of bioactive components) are currently favored by researchers. In addition, nanoparticles/hydrogels can be combined with some technology (including PTT, LBL self-assembly technique and 3D-printing technology) to treat diabetic wound repair. By reviewing the recent literatures, we also proposed new strategies for improving multifunctional treatment of diabetic wounds in the future.

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Through the discussion of the coagulation mechanism of compositehemostatic materials, the future development potential of hemostatic materials is proposed.

a b s t r a c tLaser spot welding of stainless steel-nickel dissimilar couple has been studied experimentally and numerically. A three-dimensional heat and mass transfer model is used to simulate the welding process, based on the solution of the equations of mass, momentum, energy conservation and solute transport in weld pool. The calculated fusion zone geometry and element distributions are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental results. The role of fluid flow on temperature field and its evolution is analyzed by comparing two cases with and without considering convection. Temperature fields far away from the weld pool are quite similar, but exhibit large difference close to the heat source. During the early stage after formation of weld pool, the distribution of element Fe in weld pool is non-uniform, due to insufficient time for mixing. The speed for mass transport is the highest during the initial stage of weld pool formation and it decreases with time. Both heat and mass transport are significantly influenced by convection during laser spot welding of stainless steel and nickel.