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A atresia anal com fístula retovaginal, é considerada uma afecção congênita rara nos ovinos. Em virtude disso, buscou-se descrever o reparo cirúrgico e cuidados pós-operatórios em uma borrega que apresentava essa afecção. Nesse sentido, uma borrega, sem raça definida, de 25 dias de idade e pesando 7,2kg, apresentou sinais de distensão abdominal e defecação pela vulva. A afecção foi diagnosticada por meio do exame clínico e confirmada radiograficamente, constatando-se atresia anal do tipo III em associação com a fístula. A atresia anal ou imperfuração do ânus é uma anormalidade congênita associada aos desenvolvimentos embrionário ou fetal, passível de ser observada em todas as espécies. Pode se manifestar isoladamente ou estar associada a outras malformações congênitas, tais como fístula retovaginal, agenesia renal, rins policísticos, criptorquidismo, agenesia do cólon, disrafismo espinhal e agenesia sacral ou coccígea (Brown et al., 2007). Dentre as espécies animais, é mais comumente observada em bezerras e cabras (Johnson et al., 1980;Mattu et al., 1989 , citados por Singh, 2003.A atresia anal com fístula retovaginal, caracteriza-se pela comunicação entre a parede Recebido em 1 de dezembro de 2016 Aceito em 3 de fevereiro de 2017 E-mail: marinalansarini@hotmail.com dorsal da vagina e a porção ventral do reto, de modo que a defecação e a micção ocorrem por abertura comum na vulva (Johnson et al., 1985). Essa anormalidade pode ser classificada em quatro tipos: tipo I -estenose anal; tipo II -reto terminando como fundo (bolsa) cego, imediatamente cranial ao ânus imperfurado (membrana anal persistente); tipo IIIsemelhante ao tipo II, com localização mais oral do fundo (bolsa) retal; e tipo IV -atresia retal do segmento intestinal no canal pélvico, com agenesia da porção final do segmento retal e reto e ânus presentes (Rahal, 2007).As atresias anais tipos II e III, caracterizadas pela imperfuração do ânus, já foram reportadas em várias espécies de animais. Aparentemente, são mais observadas nos machos. A etiologia e os fatores genéticos e ambientais causais dessas http://dx

Starch overload in horses causes gastrointestinal and metabolic disorders that are associated with microbiota changes. Therefore, we identified the fecal microbiota and hypothesized that intracecal injection of alkaline solution (buffer; Mg(OH)2 + Al(OH)3) could stabilize these microbiota and clinical changes in horses submitted to corn starch overload. Ten crossbred horses (females and geldings) were allocated to group I (water–saline and starch–buffer treatments) and group II (water–buffer and starch–saline treatments). Clinical signs, gross analysis of the feces, and fecal microbiota were evaluated through 72 h (T0; T8; T12; T24; T48; T72). Corn starch or water were administrated by nasogastric tube at T0, and the buffer injected into the cecum at T8 in starch–buffer and water–buffer treatments. Starch overload reduced the richness (p < 0.001) and diversity (p = 0.001) of the fecal microbiota. However, the starch–buffer treatment showed greater increase in amylolytic bacteria (Bifidobacterium 0.0% to 5.6%; Lactobacillus 0.1% to 7.4%; p < 0.05) and decrease in fibrolytic bacteria (Lachnospiraceae 10.2% to 5.0%; Ruminococcaceae 11.7% to 4.2%; p < 0.05) than starch–saline treatment. Additionally, animals that received starch–buffer treatment showed more signs of abdominal discomfort and lameness associated with dysbiosis (amylolytic r > 0.5; fribolytic r < 0.1; p < 0.05), showing that cecal infusion of buffer did not prevent, but intensified intestinal disturbances and the risk of laminitis.

IntroductionHorses submitted to carbohydrate overload can develop laminitis due to changes in cecal pH and microbiota, followed by an increase in transmural absorption of luminal content, including bacterial toxins. In response to acute injury there is hepatic overproduction of several proteins known as acute phase proteins (APP). Few studies have evaluated protein fractionation to characterize the inflammatory response in acute laminitis. The aim of this study was to test the viability of an experimental model to induce acute laminitis, using a single carbohydrate overload, and the influence of a buffering solution on the development of the disease; also, study the kinetics of APP during acute laminitis, as well as the correlation between these proteins and clinical signs associated to this syndrome.MethodsTen healthy horses were divided in a factorial and randomized way into four groups (n = 5): control group (CG), starch group (SG), buffer group (BG), and starch C buffer group (SBG). They were evaluated at seven times (T0h, T4h, T8h, T12h, T24h, T48h, and T72h), which included clinical evaluation and blood sample collection. Total serum protein and albumin concentrations were determined by colorimetry and the other APP by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis containing sodium dodecyl sulfate and commercial ELISA kits. Data were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test (p &lt; 0.05). The correlation between clinical signs and APP were verified using the Pearson's correlation coefficient.Results and discussion40% of the animals from SG and 60% from SBG developed clinical laminitis. A single administration of buffer solution was not able to prevent clinical signs of laminitis. There was no difference between groups on total serum protein, albumin, serum amyloid A and C-reactive protein concentrations (p &gt; 0.05). Transferrin, considered a negative APP, showed a positive response pattern in SG and SBG. Ceruloplasmin had a positive correlation with Obel grade, heart rate on animals from SGB and number of steps on horses submitted to starch overload (SG and SBG). Ceruloplasmin, α-1-antitrypsin and haptoglobin concentrations increased in SBG, suggesting an inflammatory response in animals of this group. Changes in clinical parameters were also more evident in the SBG, corroborating the protein fractionation findings.