Four new aster saponins (1–4)
together with five known analogues (5–9) were isolated from Aster tataricus. The chemical
structures of 1–4 were elucidated
based on spectrometric and spectroscopic analysis and comparison with
reported data. The potential anti-inflammatory activities of aster
saponins 1–9 were evaluated subsequently
by measuring lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-enhanced nitric oxide (NO) formation
in murine macrophages. Among these, aster saponin B (6) exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity (IC50:
1.2 μM). Additionally, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)
and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein levels were dose-dependently
suppressed by 6 in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Investigation
of the anti-inflammatory mechanism indicated that 6 attenuated
the phosphorylation and degradation of the inhibitor of NF-κB
(IκB), which led to the blocking of NF-κB p65 translocation
to the nucleus.
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