The undesired dentoalveolar effects of the FM treatment were eliminated with SA treatment, except with regard to lower incisor inclination. Favourable skeletal outcomes can be achieved by SA therapies, which could be an alternative to the extraoral appliances frequently applied to treat skeletal Class III patients with maxillary deficiency.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to translate the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ) into Turkish, validate the questionnaire, and provide a cross-cultural adaptation.MethodsThe translation process included the following steps, which were performed by a translation committee: (1) translation into Turkish, (2) back translation into English, (3) pretesting, and (4) cross-cultural adaptation. The Turkish version of the PIDAQ was produced subsequent to the translation process. Validity and reliability were measured using the Perception of Occlusion Scale and the aesthetic component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need. The questionnaire was administered to 260 individuals (age range, 18–30 years; mean age, 20.50 ± 1.9 years). Structural validity was assessed via factor analysis, and internal consistency was measured using Cronbach's alpha coefficient.ResultsFactor analysis revealed a four-factor structure, with factor loadings for included items ranging from 0.380 to 0.868. Few questions were shuffled among domains various factor loadings. Cronbach's alphas for the Turkish version of the PIDAQ ranged from 0.534 to 0.904. Mean scores for the PIDAQ subscale and total scores differed significantly according to Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need and Perception of Occlusion Scale scores.ConclusionsThis study provided a Turkish version of the PIDAQ, which could be a useful tool in the evaluation of the psychosocial impact of malocclusion in young Turkish adults.

The aim of this case report is to describe the treatment of a patient with skeletal Class III malocclusion with maxillary retrognathia using skeletal anchorage devices and intermaxillary elastics. Miniplates were inserted between the mandibular lateral incisor and canine teeth on both sides in a male patient aged 14 years 5 months. Self-drilling mini-implants (1.6 mm diameter, 10 mm length) were installed between the maxillary second premolar and molar teeth, and Class III elastics were used between the miniplates and miniscrews. On treatment completion, an increase in the projection of the maxilla relative to the cranial base (2.7 mm) and significant improvement of the facial profile were observed. Slight maxillary counterclockwise (1°) and mandibular clockwise (3.3°) rotations were also observed. Maxillary protraction with skeletal anchorage and intermaxillary elastics was effective in correcting a case of Skeletal Class III malocclusion without dentoalveolar side effects.

The aim of this study was to compare femtosecond and Er:YAG laser systems with regard to enamel demineralization and bracket bond strength. Human-extracted premolars were randomized to three groups (n = 17) depending on the conditioning treatment used for the buccal surfaces: 37 % orthophosphoric acid, Er:YAG laser etching (MSP mode 120 mJ, 10 Hz, 1.2 W), and femtosecond laser etching (0.4 W, 800 nm, 90 fs/pulse, 1 kHz). Metal brackets were bonded with Transbond XT to the conditioned surfaces and light cured for 20 s. The samples were thermocycled (5000 cycles, 5-55 °C) and subjected to shear bond strength (SBS) testing using a universal testing machine. Failure types were analyzed under an optical stereomicroscope and SEM. The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was evaluated to assess residual adhesive on the enamel surface. The results revealed no significant differences in SBS between the Er:YAG laser (7.2 ± 3.3 MPa) and acid etching groups (7.3 ± 2.7 MPa; p < 0.05), whereas a significant difference was observed between the femtosecond laser etching group (3.3 ± 1.2 MPa) and the other two groups (p < 0.01). ARI scores were significantly different among the three groups. The results of our study suggest that laser conditioning with an Er:YAG system results in successful etching, similar to that obtained with acid. The sole use of a femtosecond laser system may not provide an adequate bond strength at the bracket-enamel interface.

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This study compared the adhesion of metal brackets bonded to different CAD/CAM materials after various surface conditioning methods. CAD/CAM blocks (N=204, n=17 per group) of a) VITA Mark II (VM), b) IPS e.max CAD (IP), c) Lava Ultimate (LU), and d) VITA ENAMIC (VE) were conditioned with one of the following methods: C-Control: (fine diamond bur); CJ: (fine diamond bur+air-abrasion with 30 µm SiO 2 +silane), and HF: (fine diamond bur+9.5% hydrofluoric acid+silane). Metal brackets were bonded to the conditioned surfaces of the specimens, stored in artificial saliva for 24 h at 37°C and thermocycled (x1000). Subsequently, the brackets were debonded under shear in a Universal Testing Machine (1 mm/min). Failure types were analyzed under scanning electron microscope. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey`s tests (α=0.05). Two-parameter Weibull distribution values, including the Weibull modulus, scale, and shape, were calculated. Mean bond strength (MPa) values were significantly affected by the surface conditioning method (p<0.001) but not the CAD/CAM material type (p=0.052).Bond strengths for all CJ and HF-conditioned specimens were two-fold higher (11.83±1.95 -9.44±1.63) than those for control specimens with all materials (4.73±0.93 -6.02±0.69). Lower mean values were obtained in LU-CJ (9.78±1.61) and LU-HF (9.44±1.63) than those for other groups (11.83±1.95 -10.93±1.33) groups (p<0.05). Weibull distribution showed higher shape values for VM-CJ (11.26) and VM-HF (8.87) than those for other groups (0.82-1.83). In control groups, exclusively adhesive and after conditioning mainly mixed failures were observed. Chairside silica coating or HF conditioning significantly improved metal bracket adhesion to both glassy matrix and hybrid CAD/CAM materials tested, with the most reliable adhesion being observed for feldspathic ceramic.

LW obtained a higher-strength joint than CW. ITCs during LW do not present a thermal risk to primary teeth. The intraoral use of LW for SMs in primary teeth is recommended in terms of strength and ITCs.

Background/aim To compare the outcomes of skeletally-anchored (SA) or face mask (FM) therapy in the management of patients presenting with maxillary retrognathia. Methods Forty-four consecutively treated maxillary retrognathic patients who underwent SA or FM therapies followed by fixed orthodontics were evaluated. Two micro-implants between the maxillary first molar and the second premolar and two mandibular miniplates were inserted to facilitate the use of Class III elastics in the SA group (23 patients). Facemasks with full occlusal-coverage acrylic appliances were applied in the FM group (21 patients). Lateral cephalometric radiographs obtained before treatment (T0), after orthopaedic treatment (T1), and after fixed orthodontic treatment (T2) were traced and 31 measurements compared. Results No statistically significant differences were found between the groups related to treatment duration and gender distribution. The mean age was significantly higher in the SA group (11.70±0.25 years) compared with the FM group (10.57±0.35 years) at T0. The mean ANB angle increased by 3.34° and 3.15° and the mean Wits value reduced by 6.16 mm and 4.13 mm in the FM and SA groups, respectively. Forward movement of the maxilla was similar between the groups. The vertical plane angle increased in both groups following maxillary protraction. However, it decreased in the SA group during fixed orthodontic therapy, which was contrary to what occurred in the FM group. The lower incisors were retracted/retroclined in the FM group and protracted/proclined in the SA group. Conclusions/implications Maxillary protraction was achieved in both groups and was maintained during fixed orthodontic therapy. Undesired lower incisor retraction and an increase of the vertical plane angle encountered with FM therapy were minimised by SA therapy.