in seed production unless crop residue is removed. Canode and Law (1977) found that yield reductions ranged Field burning has traditionally been used to stimulate Kentucky from 40 to 80%, depending on row spacing. Mechanical bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) seed production, but air quality issues are making this practice untenable. Our objectives were to determine removal of straw was less effective at promoting yield agronomic and crop developmental responses of 45 diverse Kentucky than open-field burning. This response is consistent with bluegrass entries under burned, mechanically removed, and residueother reports on the effect of residue on seed production retained management systems, assess the scope for improving yield (Hickey and Ensign, 1983). The yield response also varunder nonthermal residue management, and relate seed yield and turf ies depending on the amount of residue removed, with quality factors. Compared with burned treatments, yield was reduced more complete removal conducive to higher yield 27% when residue was mechanically removed from plots, and 63% (Hickey and Ensign, 1983). Chastain et al. (1997) rewhen residue was retained. Higher yield was promoted by a long ported that Kentucky bluegrass seed yield could be heading-to-anthesis period, a relatively short anthesis-to-harvest pemaintained without field burning with near complete riod, and an early harvest date (maturity). Although both seeds per straw removal and reduced stubble height. Lamb and panicle and fertile panicles per square meter were positively correlated with yield, lower yield with nonthermal residue management was
Post‐harvest residue removal is critical for high seed production of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.). Previous work showed some accessions have little yield reduction with mechanical removal of post‐harvest residue compared with the controversial practice of open‐field burning. Using 10 of these accessions, our objectives were (i) to relate seed yield and yield components in spaced plants to yield in row‐seeded plots, (ii) to link yield to growth and development factors, and (iii) to determine variation for seed production factors among accessions. Seed yield, seeds per panicle, panicle number, weight per seed, heading, anthesis, and harvest dates showed strong accession differences on spaced plants in 2002 and 2003. Yields in row‐seeded plots from 1998 and 1999 data were consistently correlated with yield per plant per area in spaced plants in 2002 (r = 0.75, P < 0.05) and 2003 (r = 0.90, P < 0.01). Turf quality was negatively correlated with yield per plant per area in 2002 and 2003 but was not consistently correlated with yield components. Days from heading to anthesis consistently correlated with yield per plant per area in 2002 (r = 0.81, P < 0.01) and 2003 (r = 0.85, P < 0.01). Variation for seed yield and yield components was observed within accessions both years and differed among accessions. The results show that seed yield per plant per area in spaced plants may be a useful predictor of yield in field stands and that a long heading to anthesis period promotes seeds per panicle and seed yield.
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