Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) emerged as one of the most important public health issues of the late twentieth and early twenty- first centuries. Quality of life (QoL) of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) is affected by multiple variables including depression as a major predictor of QoL. Aims: To assess the QoL of PLHIV and its predictors. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study included a sample of 450 PLHIV attending the ART center, District Government Hospital, Bagalkot. Methods and Materials: Data were collected using self-report method and Hospital's records. Tools used for data collection included sociodemographic questionnaire, WHOQOLHIV-BREF scale, and Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D Scale). Bivariate associations were observed through Pearson's correlations, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and t -tests. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to find the significant predictors of QoL. Results: Findings revealed a significant negative correlation between the QoL and depression (r = –0.751, P < 0.001). A significant regression equation was found (F 14, 435 = 57.76, P < 0.001, adjusted R 2 = 0.64) when all the variables are considered together for finding the significant predictors of the QoL. Male gender, being graduated, not knowing the mode of transmission have positively predicted the QoL. On the other hand, having primary education, being in nuclear family, having HIV-positive wife, having HIV-positive children, HIV infection through homosexual relationships, history of suicidal attempts, and history of alcohol intake negatively predicted the QoL of PLHIV. Depression was the strongest negative predictor of the QoL of PLHIV (β = –0.672, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Interventions aimed at management of depression among PLHIV attending the ART centers would result in enhancing their QoL.

Background: Every child has a basic need and it is the responsibility of the parents to give them what they need. Everyone wants to be a good parent, but not everyone has mastered the art of good parenting. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of a Psychosocial Intervention on Perceived Stress and Depression among Children of Alcoholic Parents studying at selected high schools of Bagalkot. Methodology: this was a randomized controlled trial with pre-test post-test control group design. A simple random sample of 4 high schools of Bagalkot out of 10 schools was selected. Then two schools were selected as experimental schools and two were selected as control schools by using lottery method. Children of alcoholics were identified by using the CAST (Children of Alcoholics Screening Test), socio demographic information of Children of Alcoholic was gathered using structured socio-demographic profile and Perceived Stress & Depression were assessed using Cohen’s Perceived stress scale & Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale for Children (CES-DC) respectively. Data were analyzed in terms of objectives of the study. Findings: Result indicates that most of the children of alcoholic of both experiment group (60%) and control group (63.33%) were moderately stressed and most of the children of alcoholic of both experimental group (56.67%) and control group (63.33%) were significantly depressed. A statistically significant difference was found between post test perceived stress score of experimental group and control group subjects [t=8.958,p<0.05]. Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference found between post test depression scores of experimental group & control group subjects [t=6,p<0.05]. No significant association was found between pre test perceived stress scores with their selected socio-demographic variables of children of alcoholic of both experimental & control group. There was a significant association between pre test depression with only family monthly income (χ2=7.847,p<0.05). Conclusion: the findings of the study concluded that the children of alcoholics had perceived stress & depression. The implementation of Psychosocial Intervention to experimental group has decreased their perceived stress & depression effectively as compared to control group. Keywords: Children of Alcoholic parents, Perceived Stress, Depression, Effectiveness, Psychosocial Intervention and Socio-demographic variables.

Background: Resilience can be viewed as a defense mechanism that enables one to thrive amid distress. Therefore, improving resilience HIV infected people may be an important target for improving their quality of life. Aims:The aim of the study was to assess the resilience and quality of life of People living with HIV/AIDS and find the relationship between them. Methodology:The resilience and quality of life were measured using Brief Resilient Coping scale and WHOQOL-BREF scale respectively from a convenient sample of 100 People living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) attending ART centre, Bagalkot in a cross sectional survey. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.Findings: Majority (66%) of PLHIV had moderate resilience, 53% of PLHIV had moderate overall quality of life. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between the resilience and environmental domain scores of QoL ((r s =0.18, P<0.05) and total QoL scores ((r s =0.23, P<0.05). A significant association was found between the resilience scores and clinical variable duration of treatment with ART (χ 2 =10.56, p<0.05) and there was a significant association between total quality of life scores and duration of HIV illness (χ 2 =11.32, p<0.05) and duration of treatment with ART (χ 2 =11.38, p<0.05). Conclusion:Resilience has unconditional positive effect on all aspect of quality of life. PLHIV may benefit from intervention addressing their resilience.

Background of the Study: Hypertension is the silent killer disease which increases the cardiovascular disease burden and mortality across the globe. Objectives of the study:To estimate and compare the distribution of modifiable risk factors among hypertensive (cases) and non-hypertensive (controls) patients.

Background: Parental support is needed for every school student to achieve their academics and career expectations. However, when parents have high expectations rather than support, it would reflect in academics and career expectations of their children. When they could not achieve their parents’ expectations, it prompts stress and impacts their academic achievement and career expectations. Aims: The aim of the study was to find out the correlation between perceived parental expectations and level of stress among adolescents and its association with their socio-demographic variables. Methodology: A structured questionnaire was developed to collect the demographic information, perceived parental expectations among adolescents was measured using structured rating scale and level of stress of adolescents was measured using Modified dave smith’s stress scale from a sample of 100 adolescents who are studying in 8th, 9th and 10th standards of Shri B.V.V sangha`s English Medium High School, Vidyagiri at Bagalkot in Karnataka state India, were selected by disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: Majority (48%) of parental expectations of adolescents had high expectations and majority (53%) of adolescents had moderate stress. A positive correlation (r=0.296) found between parental expectations and stress among adolescents. A significant association was found between the perceived parental expectations and birth order (χ2= 13.079; P<0.05) and number of siblings (χ2= 24.637; P<0.05) and a significant association was found between level of stress and family income (χ2= 14.710; P<0.05) and birth order (χ2= 15.416; P<0.05). Conclusion: The overall findings of the study revealed that, there was a positive correlation found between the perceived parental expectations and level of stress among adolescents. Keywords: Perceived parental expectations, stress and adolescents.

Background of the Study: Diabetes Distress and poor quality of life are commonly seen problems among Diabetic Patients, which usually impede in proper management of diabetes and also can create serious mental issues if not treated properly. Aims: the aim of the study was to assess effectiveness of interventional package on diabetes distress and quality of life among diabetic patients Methodology: This was pre experimental study with one group protest post-test design. The population involved in this study was diabetes patients visiting diabetic club of HSK Hospital and research centre, Bagalkot and 50 subjects were selected using simple random sampling technique for the study. Data was collected using Diabetes Distress Scale and WHO Bref’s Quality of Life scale. Intervention package [Psycho Education & JPMR] was administered for 1 hour for 14 days (4 sessions biweekly). Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency distribution, percentage, mean, mean percentage, Standard Deviation, paired‘t’ test and Chi-square test. Results: Findings related to Comparison of pre-test and post-test Diabetes Distress and Quality of Life scores of Diabetic Patients shows that, Mean post-test Diabetes Distress score is significantly lesser than mean protest Diabetes Distress score [t=12.373, p< 0.001] and Mean post-test Quality of Life score is significantly greater than mean pre-test Quality of Life score.[ t=9.802, p< 0.001]Significant association found between clinical variable, “Status of diabetes” with both Diabetes Distress scores and Quality of Life scores of Diabetic Patients and there was no association found for other socio demographic and clinical variables. Conclusion: The study proved that Interventional package [Psycho education & JPMR] on Diabetes Distress scores and Quality of Life among Diabetic Patients was effective, scientific, logical and cost-effective strategy in managing the Diabetes Distress and in enhancing Quality of Life scores of Diabetic Patients. Keywords: Diabetic Patients, Diabetes Distress, Quality of Life, JPMR Effectiveness, Interventional Package, clinical variables and Socio-demographic variables.

Background: Adolescence is a stage of development in which there are multiple changes in physical, cognitive, psychological and socio-cultural levels. Hence thorough understanding of adolescence in society is helps to increasing their self esteem. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of a Tailored Psychosocial Intervention on self esteem of adolescents studying in selected High schools of Bagalkot. Methodology: This was a randomized controlled trail with pre-test post-test control group design. A Simple Random sample of 60 adolescents was selected from at Govt high school Navanagar, Bagalkot and Sajjalashree high School, Navanagar, Bagalkot. Socio demographic information of adolescents was gathered using structured socio demographic profile and self esteem was assessed using Rosenberg’s self esteem inventory scale. Data were analyzed in terms of objectives of the study. Findings: Result indicates that majority of the adolescents of both experimental group (60%) and control group (53.33%) had high self-esteem. A statistically significant difference was found between post test self esteem scores of experimental group and control group subjects [t=5.84, p<0.01]. There was a significant association found between self esteem scores of adolescents with their family monthly income (x2 = 16.44, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The finding of the study concluded that the adolescents had high self esteem. The implementation of Tailored Psychosocial Intervention programme to the experimental group improved self esteem to a greater degree as compared to control group. Keywords: Adolescence, Self esteem, Effectiveness, Tailored Psychosocial Intervention and Socio-demographic variables.

Background: Overall health of middle-aged women have become a major public health concern, there is therefore a need to evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing intervention program with the intention of reducing their symptom experience and increasing their health-related quality of life. Aims: The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing intervention program on reducing the symptom experience and increasing their health related quality of life. Methodology: Menopausal Rating Scale (MRS) was used for assessing postmenopausal symptoms and WHOQOL-BREF quality of life scale was used for assessing quality of life of postmenopausal women. 60 post menopausal women attending at B.V.V.Sangha’s Akkanabalaga Bagalkot were selected for the study using Simple random technique with Lottery method and then 30 post menopausal women were randomly assigned to experimental and control group respectively using computer generated random sequence. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25v. Findings: Findings related to significance of difference between post-test symptom experience and health related quality of life scores of experimental group and control group postmenopausal women revealed that, there was a significant difference between the post test symptom experience scores of experimental group and post test symptom experience scores of control group [t=26.052, p=0.000]. Similarly, there was significant difference between post test health related quality of life scores of experimental group and post test health related quality of life scores of control group [t= 23.117,p=0.000]. Conclusion: The study concluded that the comprehensive nursing intervention was highly effective in reducing the symptom experience and health related quality of life scores of post menopausal women. Keywords: Symptom Experience, Quality of Life, Postmenopausal Women, Comprehensive Nursing Interventions.