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Diagnosis of BE is hinged on the presence of intestinal metaplasia (IM) and inflammation in the lower esophagus. However IM can occur in the cardia and lower esophagus following reflux and helicobacter infection. The special stain for demonstrating intestinal metaplasia cannot distinguish IM in BE and that in cardia or lower esophagus due to other causes(1). Quite often biopsies labeled lower esophagus by the endoscopist may in fact be from the cardia especially in cases where the gastro-esophageal junction is indistinct.

BACKGROUNDTraumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia (TUGSE) is a benign, chronic self-limiting ulceration of oral cavity. Most common location is the tongue. Since the ulcer has elevated margins and indurated base, clinically it mimics squamous cell carcinoma. Biopsy interpretation is essential for any non-healing ulcer in the oral cavity. We hereby report 6 cases of Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia diagnosed in our centre during a period of 3 years.

Diffuse sclerosing variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma(DSPC) is an unusual type of Papillary Carcinoma that occurs in young patients. Clinically it can be mistaken for Hashimoto's Thyroiditis as it often presents as a diffuse firm thyroid swelling 3*. It is important to recognize this variant as the patients invariably have lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis.Contrary to the previous reports of a poor prognosis of this variant when compared to the classical papillary carcinoma, recent reports indicate a good prognosis(2,3). We report a case of DSPC occurring in a young boy.

Introduction: Gastric carcinoma is the second common Gastrointestinal (GIT) malignancy. Based on Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) 2020 data, it is the 5th most common neoplasm and the 4th most common cause of death. Epithelialcadherin (E-cadherin) is a transmembrane glycoprotein which plays a crucial role in maintaining cell-cell adhesion. Loss of E-cadherin contributes to enhanced invasion and metastasis in human cancers. Aim: To study E-cadherin immunohistochemical expression in tumour cells and its association with gastric carcinoma histotypes. Materials and Methods: It is a hospital-based descriptive study conducted at Department of Pathology, Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad, Telangana, India from January 2010 to December 2012 as it was my dissertation. Routine histopathology and immunohistochemistry for E-cadherin were done on the sections. E-cadherin immunohistochemical staining and expression in tumour cells were evaluated according to the study by Jawhari A et al., Scores (0-3) were applied: 0-No staining; 1-Only cytoplasmic staining; 2-Cytoplasmic and membranous staining in the same case, 3-Normal membranous immunoexpression. Staining was evaluated based on absence of membranous expression scores (0 and 1) versus the presence of membranous expression (scores 2 and 3). Statistical analysis of the data was done by Chi-square test using Epi Info software. Results: Total 70 cases were studied, of which 48 were gastric biopsies and 22 were gastrectomies. Gastric adenocarcinomas were classified as intestinal 40 cases (57.14%) and diffuse 30 cases (42.85%) according to Lauren’s classification. Membranous staining of E-cadherin was seen in 34/40 cases (85%) of intestinal gastric cancer and 9/30 cases (30%) of diffuse intestinal cancer whereas non membranous or absent E-cadherin was seen in 6/40 cases (15%) of intestinal gastric cancer and 21/30 cases (70%) of diffuse gastric cancer. In this study, significant association was found between membranous E-cadherin expression (score 2 or 3) and intestinal histotype and absence of membranous expression (scores 0 or 1) and the diffuse histotype of gastric cancer. Conclusion: Normal gastric mucosa shows strong membranous E-cadherin positivity. There is a change in the pattern of E-cadherin expression from membranous in intestinal type gastric adenocarcinoma to non membranous expression of E-cadherin in diffuse type of gastric carcinoma.

Angiomyolipomas (AMLs) are benign mesenchymal tumors seen in kidneys in association with tuberous sclerosis. They are uncommon in liver. Angiomyolipomas of liver show great histological diversity and various types and patterns are described. Among them, epithelioid and inflammatory angiomyolipomas are rare. We report a case of epithelioid angiomyolipoma of Liver with an inflammatory component.

A 56-year-old male presented with a history of right loin pain of two months duration. Physical examination showed a firm non-tender mass in the left upper quadrant. Blood and urinary investigations including serum Cortisol and urinary cathecholamines were normal. CT scan showed an oval, welldefined, heterogeneous mass measuring 14-10 cm. in the region of the left suprarenal gland (Fig. 1). There was no evidence of infiltration into the surrounding tissue. In view of the size and supra-renal location of the mass it was decided to remove the retroperitoneal tumor and the ipsilateral adrenal gland through a left thoraco-abdominal incision to permit adequate exposure and vascular control.