Predation of seeds by bruquines can affect the development and viability of tree species. The objective of this study was to identify seed predator species of Cassia fistula L. (Fabaceae) used in the urban arborization of Sinop, Mato Grosso, as well as to evaluate the percentage of seed predation in relation to phenological phase and fruit size. One hundred fruits of C. fistula, from ten adult trees, located in the urban perimeter, were evaluated. In the laboratory the fruits were opened and the seeds classified according to their appearance, in healthy or predated. Pygiopachymerus lineola (Chevrolat, 1871) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), was the only species found preying on the seeds of C. fistula. Seed analysis suggests a low level of predation by the insect. The relationship between fruit length and seed predation percentage was not observed and Cassia fistula can be considered a viable species for urban tree growing in Sinop, MT.
O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a durabilidade natural de dez espécies florestais da Amazônia em dois ambientes de deterioração. As espécies estudadas foram a Trattinnickia burserifolia Burseraceae (amescla), Mezilaurus itauba (itaúba), Hymenaea courbaril (jatobá), Nectandra cissiflora (canela), Hymenolobium petraeum (angelim pedra), Erisma uncinatum (cedrinho), Bowdichia virgilioides (sucupira), Apuleia leiocarpa (garapeira), Dipteryx odorata (cumaru) e Qualea albiflora (cambará). Os ambientes avaliados foram campo aberto e mata. As amostras das madeiras foram confeccionadas com dimensões de 5 x 5 x 40 cm e submetidas em ensaio de deterioração durante 660 dias. Em campo foi realizado o teste de quebra e a coleta dos cupins presentes nas madeiras. Após 660 dias as amostras foram encaminhadas ao laboratório para avaliação do índice de sanidade. As madeiras de amescla, angelim pedra, cambara e cedro foram as mais deterioradas pelos cupins. Foram observados quatro gêneros de cupins nas madeiras avaliadas: Heterotermes sp., Coptotermes sp., Dolichorhinotermes sp. e Armitermes sp. A madeira itaúba apresentou maior durabilidade natural em todos os testes. O ambiente onde ocorreu a maior perda de resistência das espécies foi a mata.Palavras-chave: térmitas; ensaio de campo; resistência; teste de quebra. NATURAL DURABILITY OF TEN AMAZON WOODS UNDER FIELD CONDICTIONS ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to evaluate the natural durability of ten Amazonian forest species in two environments of deterioration. The species studied were Trattinnickia burserifolia (amescla), Mezilaurus itauba (itaúba), Hymenaea courbaril (jatobá), Nectandra cissiflora (canela), Hymenolobium petreum (angelimpedra), Erisma uncinatum (cedrinho), Bowdichia virgilioides (sucupira), Apuleia leiocarpa (garapeira), Dipteryx odorata (cumaru) e Qualea albiflora (cambara). The environments were an open field and a forest. The wood samples were made with dimensions of 5 x 5 x 40 cm and submitted to a deterioration test for 660 days. In the field was realized breaking test and collection of the termites present in the woods. After 660 days the samples were sent to the laboratory to evaluate the sanity index. Amescla, angelim pedra, cambara and cedro woods showed more preference about termite attack. Four genres of termites were observed in the woods evaluated: Heterotermes sp., Coptotermes sp., Dolichorhinotermes sp. and Armitermes sp. Itaúba wood presented greater natural durability in all tests. The environment of deterioration that most influenced the loss of resistance of the species was the forest.Keywords: termite; field test; resistance; break test.
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