Cell-based biosensors (CBBs) are becoming an important tool for biosecurity applications and rapid diagnostics. For current CBBs technology, cell immobilization and high throughput fabrication are the main challenges. To address these in this study, the feasibility of bioprinting cell-laden hydrogel to fabricate CBBs at high throughput was investigated and cell response was tracked by using lensless charge-coupled device (CCD) technology. This study indicated that (i) a cellladen collagen printing platform was capable of immobilizing cells (smooth muscle cells) in collagen droplets with precise spatial control and pattern them onto surfaces, (ii) high postprinting cell viability was achieved (>94%) and the immobilized cells proliferated over five days, (iii) the immobilized cells maintain their biological and physiological sensitivity to environmental stimuli (e.g. environmental temperature change and lysis by adding of de-ionized water), as quantified by change in cell spread size (decreasing from ~3000 μm 2 at t=0 hour to ~600 μm 2

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