No abstract

A study of the electrochemical characteristics of aromatic nitro compounds shows that the cathode potential of these compounds during current flow is dependent on the type and position of substituent groups on the aromatic ring, as well as the composition and pH of the electrolyte.The high theoretical ampere ‐minute capacity of the aromatic dinitro compounds, along with their practical operating potentials, high electrode efficiencies, and favorable physical and chemical properties, show these materials to have considerable promise for use as cathode materials in primary cells, when coupled with a magnesium anode.

An apparatus and technique are described which enables a quick preliminary evaluation to be made of various manganese dioxides and other cathode materials in various electrolytes. Data are presented which show that the capacity of the manganese dioxide electrode exceeds that calculated for its reduction to Mn203.H20 when discharged at low current drains or with a flow of electrolyte over the electrode. It is also shown that the structure of the manganese dioxide material is an important property which detel~nines the performance that is obtained when the electrode is discharged, not only in a NH4C1-ZnCI: type of electrolyte, but also in a basic electrolyte.

Experimental half‐cell discharge data are given for a number of Groups Ib‐Vb oxides in strongly alkaline normalNaOH solution, along with comparisons between these data and their theoretical potentials. The effect of cathode solubility on the half‐cell discharge potential of a few sparingly soluble silver salts is also discussed.

Ti AND Zr AS PRIMARY CELL ANODES 741 component of the polarization product under many conditions, in no case studied did it appear as a pure product. thank the National Carbon Company, the Carborundum Metals Company, the Titanium Metals Corporation of America, the Foote Mineral Company, and the Burgess Battery Company for gifts of materials used in this study. Thanks are also due N. C. Cahoon and Miss M. P. Korver, with whom valuable discussions were held, Miss Judith Skow and Mrs. Celia Rockholt, who made many of the measurements. Manuscript received March 2, 1959. This paper was taken, in part, from the Ph.D. Thesis of one of the authors (M.A.T.), Oregon State College (1957).