First measurements of dihadron correlations for charged particles are presented for central PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV over a broad range in relative pseudorapidity (∆η) and the full range of relative azimuthal angle (∆φ). The data were collected with the CMS detector, at the LHC. A broadening of the away-side (∆φ ≈ π) azimuthal correlation is observed at all ∆η, as compared to the measurements in pp collisions. Furthermore, long-range dihadron correlations in ∆η are observed for particles with similar φ values. This phenomenon, also known as the "ridge", persists up to at least |∆η| = 4. For particles with transverse momenta (p T ) of 2-4 GeV/c, the ridge is found to be most prominent when these particles are correlated with particles of p T = 2-6 GeV/c, and to be much reduced when paired with particles of p T = 10-12 GeV/c.
The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical manifestations of adverse reactions after the use of SonoVue contrast agent from a large retrospective database, and to evaluate the nursing care strategies and the efficacy of standardized procedure for adverse reactions of SonoVue (SPARS).From January 1, 2012 to December 30, 2018, 34,478 cases of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography were performed in our center. The clinical manifestations of adverse reactions after the use of SonoVue contrast agent were identified and analyzed. The nursing care strategies were evaluated and the outcomes of patients with moderate and severe adverse reactions before and after the application of SPARS were compared.Of the 34,478 cases, 40 cases (0.12%) of adverse reactions after the use of SonoVue were identified. Adverse reactions included anaphylatic shock, skin allergies, nausea or vomiting, dizziness or headache, numbness, chest distress, back pain, and local reactions of the injection site. Most of the adverse reactions were mild and self-limited. Only 3 cases of anaphylatic shock and 2 cases of severe rash underwent further treatments. The 3 patients who were managed by SPARS recovered quicker and spent less comparing with the other 2 patients who were not.SonoVue was a safe contrast agent, with few and mostly mild adverse reactions. SPARS may be an efficient way in tackling moderate to severe adverse reactions, although of which the incidence was rare.Abbreviations: CEUS = contrast-enhanced ultrasonography, IQR = interquartile range, SPARS = standardized procedure for adverse reactions of SonoVue.
PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, safety and costs of ultrasound guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) versus open thyroidectomy for treating low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) by using propensity score matching (PSM). PATIENTS AND METHODS: 157 patients who underwent RFA and 206 patients who underwent surgery for low-risk PTMC were included in the study. The patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, 12 months after treatment, and every half year thereafter. A 1:1 PSM method was applied to balance the pretreatment data of the two groups. In the matched group (133 patients for each), the operative time, length of hospital stay, hospitalization expenses, cosmetic results, complications were assessed and compared between two groups. RESULTS: At last follow-up, 39 tumors (29.3%) in the RFA group completely disappeared. Between the well-matched groups, no local recurrence, lymph node metastasis or distant metastases were detected in either group during the follow-up period. After matching, the operation time and hospitalization time in RFA group were shorter than those in surgery group (both P < 0.05). The average hospitalization expense of the patients in RFA group was cheaper than that in surgery group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the cosmetic score was found to be higher in RFA group than that observed in surgery group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: RFA may be an effective and safe method for treating low-risk PTMC with a superior advantage of being low-cost and having a shorter operation time and hospital stay versus surgery.
Reducing the Schottky barrier height (SBH) of metal-MoS interface with no deteriorating the intrinsic properties of MoS channel layer is crucial to realize the high-performance MoS nanodevice. To realize this expectation, a promising approach is present in this study by doping the boron nitride (BN) buffer layer between metal electrode and MoS channel layer. Results demonstrate that no matter the types of concentrations and dopants the intrinsic electronic structure, low electron effective mass of MoS channel layer, and the weak Fermi level pinning effects of metal/BN-MoS interfaces are preserved and not deteriorated. More importantly, the n- and p-type SBHs of metal/BN-MoS interfaces are significantly reduced by the electron-poor and -rich dopants, respectively, when the doped BN buffer layer spreads all over the nanodevice, which is in contrast to the traditional doping rule. Moreover, both the n- and p-type SBHs are further decreased and even eliminated when the concentrations of dopants increase. The n-type SBH of doped Au/BN-MoS interface and the p-type SBH of doped Pt/BN-MoS interface can be reduced to -0.21 and -0.61 eV by doping with high concentrations of Li and O, respectively. This theoretical work provides an effective and promising method to realize high-performance MoS nanodevices with negligible SBHs.
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