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Today's 4G LTE systems bring unprecedented mobile broadband performance to over a billion of users across the globe. Recently, work on a 5G mobile communication system has begun, and next to a new 5G air interface, LTE will be an essential component. The evolution of LTE will therefore strive to meet 5G requirements and to address 5G use cases. In this article, we provide an overview of foreseen key technology areas and components for LTE Release 14, including latency reductions, enhancements for machine-type communication, operation in unlicensed spectrum, massive multi-antenna systems, broadcasting, positioning, and support for intelligent transportation systems.

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The introduction of relay stations into metropolitan area networks allows providing ubiquitous broadband access economically to everyone, even to subscribers in remote places. IEEE 802.16, also known as WiMAX, is one of the most promising technologies that currently integrate relays for multihop communication. Such a relay enhanced IEEE 802.16 network can provide ubiquitous radio coverage, achieve high QoS requirements, and it can be economically deployed and operated. This paper presents two concepts to integrate multihop communication into the IEEE 802.16 system. The first concept follows a centralized approach where the base station has full control over the relayenhanced cell. The second concept follows a semi-distributed approach where a relay station controls the associated subscriber itself. Both concepts are standard-compliant so that legacy subscriber stations can participate without modification.