A Lean Carrier for LTE

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

Onireti

Imran

et al. 2016

123

112

Abstract-Conventional cellular systems are designed to ensure ubiquitous coverage with an always present wireless channel irrespective of the spatial and temporal demand of service. This approach raises several problems due to the tight coupling between network and data access points, as well as the paradigm shift towards data-oriented services, heterogeneous deployments and network densification. A logical separation between control and data planes is seen as a promising solution that could overcome these issues, by providing data services under the umbrella of a coverage layer. This article presents a holistic survey of existing literature on the control-data separation architecture (CDSA) for cellular radio access networks. As a starting point, we discuss the fundamentals, concept and general structure of the CDSA. Then, we point out limitations of the conventional architecture in futuristic deployment scenarios. In addition, we present and critically discuss the work that has been done to investigate potential benefits of the CDSA, as well as its technical challenges and enabling technologies. Finally, an overview of standardisation proposals related to this research vision is provided.

Section: B Lean Carriermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [114], a scenario for using the lean carrier in a dual connectivity architecture is presented, where the UE uses the legacy LTE carrier to communicate with the MC for vital control information, while the lean carrier is utilised for data communication with the SCs.…”

Section: B Lean Carriermentioning

confidence: 99%

Control-Data Separation Architecture for Cellular Radio Access Networks: A Survey and Outlook

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

Onireti

Imran

et al. 2016

123

112

“…where K is the total number of simulated users, and is the offloading experience of user k as defined in (21). Fig.…”

Section: ) Performance Metricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloud Cooperated Heterogeneous Cellular Networks for Delayed Offloading using Millimeter Wave Gates

International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

2017

Abstract-Increasing the capacity of wireless cellular network is one of the major challenges for the coming years. A lot of research works have been done to exploit the ultra-wide band of millimeter wave (mmWave) and integrate it into future cellular networks. In this paper, to efficiently utilize the mmWave band while reducing the total deployment cost, we propose to deploy the mmWave access in the form of ultra-high capacity mmWave gates distributed in the coverage area of the macro basestation (Macro BS). Delayed offloading is also proposed to proficiently exploit the gates and relax the demand of deploying a large number of them. Furthermore, a mobility-aware weighted proportional fair (WPF) user scheduling is proposed to maximize the intra-gate offloading efficiency while maintaining the longterm offloading fairness among the users inside the gate. To efficiently link the mmWave gates with the Macro BS in a unified cellular network structure, a cloud cooperated heterogeneous cellular network (CC-HetNet) is proposed. In which, the gates and the Macro BS are linked to the centralized radio access network (C-RAN) via high-speed backhaul links. Using the concept of control/user (C/U) plane splitting, signaling information is sent to the UEs through the wide coverage Macro BS, and most of users' delayed traffic is offloaded through the ultra-high capacity mmWave gates. An enhanced access network discovery and selection function (eANDSF) based on a network wide proportional fair criterion is proposed to discover and select an optimal mmWave gate to associate a user with delayed traffic. It is interesting to find out that a mmWave gate consisting of only 4 mmWave access points (APs) can offload up to 70 GB of delayed traffic within 25 sec, which reduces the energy consumption of a user equipment (UE) by 99.6 % compared to the case of only using Macro BS without gate offloading. Also, more than a double increase in total gates offloaded bytes is obtained using the proposed eANDSF over using the conventional ANDSF proposed by 3GPP due to the optimality in selecting the associating gate.

“…Although this approach guarantees acceptable performance for all users including those in severe conditions, it over-provisions the PL frame under moderate or good channel conditions [4]. Some proposals to reduce this overhead are being considered such as using several classes of pilots with each class being transmitted at the necessary rate, e.g., high rate UE-specific reference signal (UE-RS) for data detection and low rate channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) for link adaptation measurements [5]. Nonetheless, these signals also have a static pattern constrained by the worst-case conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation-based adaptive pilot pattern in control/data separation architecture

2015 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

Onireti

Imran

et al. 2015

Abstract-Most of the wireless systems such as the long term evolution (LTE) adopt a pilot symbol-aided channel estimation approach for data detection purposes. In this technique, some of the transmission resources are allocated to common pilot signals which constitute a significant overhead in current standards. This can be traced to the worst-case design approach adopted in these systems where the pilot spacing is chosen based on extreme condition assumptions. This suggests extending the set of the parameters that can be adaptively adjusted to include the pilot density. In this paper, we propose an adaptive pilot pattern scheme that depends on estimating the channel correlation. A new system architecture with a logical separation between control and data planes is considered and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is chosen as the access technique. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can provide a significant saving of the LTE pilot overhead with a marginal performance penalty.