The microstructural evolution of tin-rich indium-based alloys after the grain boundary wetting phase transition in the (liquid + ) twophase region of the tin-indium phase diagram and its influence on the electrical conductivity were investigated. Five tin-indium alloys, Sn In 30 alloys had different amounts of completely wetted grain boundaries after annealing. The XRD results show the changes in phases that underwent the eutectic transformation during quenching from various annealing temperatures. The electrical conductivity of annealed tinindium specimens with various microstructures was measured. It increased with both annealing temperature and tin content.
Binary phase diagrams are important tools for designing desired alloys. In the Sn-rich region of the Sn-In alloy phase diagram, the solidus line appears as a dotted line in current literature plots to indicate uncertainty. The contour of the solidus has now been clarified as a result of the present investigation. Four alloys, Sn(70)In(30), Sn(75)In(25), Sn(80)In(20), and Sn(85)In(15) were melted at 300 A degrees C for 10 h and annealed between 120 and 200 A degrees C in the (L + gamma) two-phase region. The morphology and chemical compositions of annealed specimens were analyzed using both field emission scanning electron spectroscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometry. The results reveal that the liquid phase, initially appearing at the eutectic temperature, invades the solid along grain boundaries with penetration gradually increasing with increasing annealing temperature and a granular structure form. The average compositions in grains of Sn(70)In(30), Sn(75)In(25), Sn(80)In(20), and Sn(85)In(15) specimens correspond to the solidus concentrations, and the solidus line and (beta + gamma)/gamma phase boundary can be determined as a fit to these temperature-composition points
The grain boundary (GB) wetting was investigated in the Sn – 25 at.% In alloy. It was found that the portion of GBs wetted by the melt depends on the annealing temperature. No GB completely wetted by melt was observed at 140°C, while all GBs were fully wetted after annealing at 180°C. Between 140°C and 180°C the portion of wetted GBs increases with increasing temperature. The tie-lines of GB wetting phase transition were constructed in the Sn–In bulk phase diagram.
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