IntroductionSalacia chinensis L. is a medicinally important plant used as herbal medicine in Ayurveda (Ghanam et al., 2016) and different parts of this plant have been extensively used to treat variety of ailments (Sikarwar et al., 2012). Biologically active compounds such as mangiferin, salacinol, kotanalol, phenolic compounds, glycosides and triterpenes have been isolated from the plant (Matsuda et al., 2005). For the treatment of diabetes, the compound Salacinol along with other compounds, present in S. chinensis is increasingly being used (Patwardhan et
In the present work 4C DNA amount has been determined in 3 species of Fabaceous genus Cyamopsis involving 14 accessions. At intraspecific level 10 collections of C. tetragonoloba, 2 collections each of C. senegalensis and C. serrata did not show any significant variation. Within the genus Cyamopsis, C. serrata possessing symmetrical karyotype is a primitive species with 20.35 pg of DNA and more advanced species having asymmetrical karyotype has 18.19 pg DNA and recently evolved cultivated crop species has 10.05 pg of DNA. Two fold DNA amount variation is apparent without any numerical changes in chromosome number, as all the Cyamopsis species share a common chromosome number of 2nϭ2xϭ14. Thus evolution of genome size within small African genus Cyamopsis has occurred through loss of DNA.
Spine gourd (Momordica dioica Roxb.) is an important vegetable with high food value and sex specific versatile medicinal value. Momordica dioica, a perennial, rhizomatous, distinctly dioecious climber belongs to family cucurbitaceae. As there are no distinguished morphological markers to identify sex, an easy, rapid and reliable molecular method for female plant identification at pre-flowering stage in Momordica dioica is reported in this paper. Molecular tool like Random amplification of polymorphic DNA was used to identify female plants before pre-flowering stage. A total of 50 random decamer primers were used for screening of specific Random amplification of polymorphic DNA markers in male and female populations. Only one primer OPA-15 amplified genomic DNA in different patterns in male and female genotypes. This sex specific band OPA-15900 was identified only in female lines but not in male lines. This marker may be efficiently used as effective, convenient and reliable molecular markers for female identification in Momordica dioica at pre-flowering stages so that it can be cultivated and utilized for its medicinal purpose.
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