Streaming potentials in very uniform spherical‐grain sands were measured with doubly distilled atmosphere‐saturated water and with
normalNaCl
,
normalNaI
,
Na2SO4
,
MgSO4
, and
MgCl2
solutions. A vacuum tube electrometer was used to measure the potential differences.The streaming potential,
V
, was directly proportional to the pressure difference,
P
, in every case, and
V/P
was independent of changes in configuration of the sand matrix as well as changes in its porosity and its length. A variation of
V/P
with grain diameter was only partially accounted for by surface conductance alone. Also neither Wood's equation nor Ghosh, Rakshit, and Chattoraj's equation fit the data well.The data fit the empirical equation: V/P=V/Pa)(1+k/d+K2/d2exp)(−K/d where
false(V/P)a
is the value approached in sands having large grains. For water
K=535×102µ
and
false(V/Pfalse)=51.2 normalmv/normalcm‐normalof‐normalwater
.
k
is characteristic of spherical‐grain sands since it was the same for all solutions, and
false(V/P)a
is a function of solution composition at constant temperature. The ζ potential of a water ‐glass interface has a positive temperature coefficient whose approximate value is 0.039/°C, and the streaming potential has a positive temperature coefficient of 0.0535/°C.
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