Various cultivation parameters were optimized for the production of extra cellular protease by Brevibacterium linens DSM 20158 grown in solid state fermentation conditions using statistical approach.The cultivation variables were screened by the Plackett-Burman design and four significant variables (soybean meal, wheat bran, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and inoculum size were further optimized via central composite design (CCD) using a response surface methodological approach. Using the optimal factors (soybean meal 12.0g, wheat bran 8.50g, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) 0.45g and inoculum size 3.50%), the rate of protease production was found to be twofold higher in the optimized medium as compared to the unoptimized reference medium.

Anemia is pathological disorder usually caused by mal nutrition and it was very common among feminine gender during gestational period, number of disease and death are also associated with this type of disorder during pregnancy. The major theme of the study is to evaluate the anemic condition along with prescribed medication among females during the period of pregnancy. Descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out for the period of 9 months at various tertiary care hospitals situated in rural areas of Sindh province. Total 273 females with pregnancy along with anemic condition, were selected by purposive sampling method. From total number of study subjects 71% females were diagnosed as anemic, that were further categorized as mild, moderate and severe, depend on their medical condition. It was observed that anemic condition was more common among infancy pregnant females with ages 20-29 years, the number of patients were 209 (76.5%). females with primary or secondary education had more problem of anemia as compared to females with intermediate or graduation. Anemic females with primary education (126), secondary education (73) whereas anemic female with intermediate (46) and with graduation anemic females were only (28). Females with multipara had severe anemic condition as females with primigravida. Anemic condition becomes more severe among females with second or third trimester. Anemic condition among females with 1st trimester was 37, in second trimester 109 whereas in 3rd trimester 127 anemic females were reported. For management of anemia among females with pregnancy depends upon the medication taking by them, number of females was 142, which were taking 3 or 4 medicine, while females with mono pharmacy were 95 and only 36 females were taking various multi vitamin, intravenous Iron supplement and it was concluded that anemia was more common among females resident of rural area due to unawareness regarding anemia and its associated complication. Another major cause was observed was mal nutrition.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the patterns of exercise and diet intake among the pregnant and pre pregnant women visiting the Gynae OPD Civil Hospital Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan. Methodology: This is a descriptive cross sectional study conducted at the Gynae OPD Civil Hospital Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan, from November 2020 to January 2021. A well-structured questionnaire was introduced to collect the study data and consent was taken. Sample size was calculated by Slovin’s Formula which was 400 with 95% confidence level and 5% margin of error. Results were analyzed by using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) software version 23. Results: Results reported that, out of 400 women, during pregnancy 304 were not having gestational diabetes, before pregnancy 348 women did not exercise. It was also found that out of 322 having normal range of Body Mass Index (BMI) during pregnancy 36 of participants performed exercise, before pregnancy 40 performed the exercise, during pregnancy 256 did the household work, during pregnancy 42 followed the special diet. Conclusion: It was concluded that women who visited the OPD do not exercise properly and do not take proper diet before and during pregnancy because of inadequate awareness of role of exercise and diet for pregnancy.

This qualitative study sought to examine the challenges of pressure and perfectionism among gifted and talented students in self-contained class settings at the primary level, based on the experiences of their teachers and parents. To obtain comprehensive details and complete descriptions from the participants, a phenomenological design was used to collect data from 13 participants, including 10 parents and 3 teachers of gifted and talented students through semi-structured interviews. The major findings indicate that while self-contained classes help to raise the academic potential of gifted and talented students, teachers and parents were concerned about challenges related to the pressure of a competitive environment along with the pressure of high expectations and perfectionism in these selective class settings that may hinder the student’s academic development and negatively affect their social–emotional wellbeing. Using full-time ability grouping practices in self-contained settings for gifted learners was quite challenging and could hamper their talent development. This study recommends that pressure and perfectionism can be overcome if educators use flexible grouping practices, motivational strategies and encourage feedback in such settings. Consequently, educators and policy makers in gifted education should plan and implement educational provisions that help to meet the academic as well as social emotional needs of highly intellectual learners.

Math problem-solving is difficult for students and instructors. Metacognition abilities may help tackle these problems. Math problem-solving success depends on metacognitive abilities and methods. These abilities and tactics benefit students and instructors. Metacognitive abilities and methods are examined in mathematics problem-solving for instructors and students. A qualitative case-study design was utilised. to describe things deeply and broadly. Metacognitive abilities and methods such as task analysis, planning, monitoring, checking, and reflection, as well as self- and group-monitoring, reading and writing, self-regulation (SR), and self-assessment (SA), helped students solve arithmetic problems. Group talks and self-reflection help pupils tackle challenges, too. Meta-cognition for problem-solving is recommended for students and instructors.