Recently, many researchers have focused on tetrahedrite-based compounds due to their intrinsic low thermal conductivity; however, their thermoelectric performance is limited by the lower power factor. In this case, using Ge doping on Sb sites, the power factor is obviously enhanced due to an increment in carrier concentration and density of states; simultaneously, the thermal conductivity is substantially suppressed by atomic defects. Also, ZnO nanoparticles are introduced in the Ge-doped compounds to further weaken the thermal conductivity. As a result, the maximum dimensionless figure of merit (ZT) of ∼1.0 is obtained for the Cu12Sb3.96Ge0.04S13-0.5 wt % ZnO sample at 750 K, which is ∼72% larger than that of Cu12Sb4S13. All results indicate that suitable elemental doping combined with the incorporation of the nanophase is a very promising approach for Cu12Sb4S13 tetrahedrites to improve the thermoelectric performance.
Polymer composites are favorite materials for sensing applications due to their low cost and easy fabrication. In the current study, composite nanofibers consisting of polyethylene oxide (PEO), oxidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles with 1% and 3% of fillers (i.e., PEO–CuO–MWCNT: 1%, and PEO–CuO–MWCNT: 3%) were successfully developed through electrospinning for humidity sensing applications. The composite nanofibers were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX analysis. Firstly, they were loaded on an interdigitated electrode (IDE), and then the humidity sensing efficiency was investigated through a digital LCR meter (E4980) at different frequencies (100 Hz–1MHz), as well as the percentage of relative humidity (RH). The results indicated that the composite nanofibers containing 1% and 3% MWCNT, combined with CuO in PEO polymer matrix, showed potent resistive and capacitive response along with high sensitivity to humidity at room temperature in an RH range of 30–90%. More specifically, the PEO–CuO–MWCNT: 1% nanocomposite displayed a resistive rapid response time within 3 s and a long recovery time of 22 s, while the PEO–CuO–MWCNT: 3% one exhibited 20 s and 11 s between the same RH range, respectively.
Objective: To determine the thicknesses of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and macula by fourier-domain (FD)optical coherence tomography (OCT) in diabetic patients with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) undergoinghemodialysis. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Pakistan Naval Ship, Shifa Karachi, from Jan 2019 to Jul 2019 Methodology: Fifty four patients presenting to nephrology department who met the inclusion criteria wereincluded in the study. Macular and retinal nerve fibre layer thicknesses were compared pre and post 30 minutesof hemodialysis and their correlation (r=-0.89) with age, duration of hemodialysis and gender was examined. Pre hemodialysis temporal, inferior, average retinal nerve fibre layer thicknesses were observed thinner than Post hemodialysis. Results: Pre-hemodialysis macular thicknesses were thinner than post hemodialysis. Thinning of Macular andRNFL showed a negative relationship with age and duration of hemodialysis (r=-0.89 & -0.76). Temporal, superior quadrants and average retinal nerve fiber layer thickness values were found statistically different in pre and post 30 minutes hemodialysis examination (p-value = 0.002, 0.001 & 0.0021) while, nasal and inferior quadrants were found statistically insignificant. Whereas in macula, temporal and superior quadrants were found statistically significant (p-value=0.005 & 0.002) and nasal, Inferior and average thickness were found statistically insignificant (p-value = 0.0641, 0.0594 & 0.083). Conclusion: Macular and retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses of patients receiving hemodialysis were lessthan the normal population. Age has no effect on these thinning. The duration of hemodialysis effects more than gender. Hemodialysis session causes a consistent.............
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