PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of classical acupuncture (Ac) and electroacupuncture (EAc) on estradiol-induced inflammation and oxidative stress in health rodents. METHODS:Twenty-four eight-week old female rats were treated with estradiol valerate (EV) 4.0 mg i.m. single dose and randomly assigned to four groups (n=6): G1(control), G2 (Ac), G3 (EAc 2 Hz) and G4 (EAc 100 Hz). After 60 days all rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate 10% (0.1 ml/30 g weight of the animal) and submitted to Ac/EAc for twenty minutes. The procedures were repeated on days three, five, seven and nine of the study. The equivalent of the human right ST-36 (Zusanli) and SP-6 (Sanyinjiao) acupoints were chosen for needling and electrical stimulation. On the 10th day of the experiment, all rats were anesthetized for collection of blood and tissues (ovaries) samples for biochemical analysis and histological examination. RESULTS:Glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA) concentrations increased significantly in all groups (plasma and ovary) while myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity decreased significantly in all groups compared with control group (G1). CONCLUSIONS:Both classical acupuncture and electroacupuncture decrease systemic and local oxidative stress and ovary inflammation in healthy rats exposed to estrogenic stimulation. EAc enhances lipid peroxidation at systemic and local levels in female rats exposed to estrogenic stimulation.

PURPOSE:To present a rat model of subcutaneous endometriosis for the study of pathophysiology and the effects of drugs. METHODS:Fifty three-month-old female Wistar rats (Rattus norvergicus) were distributed into one control group and four treatment groups: estradiol (2.5; 5; 10mg/kg sc), medroxyprogesterone acetate (0.5; 2; 5mg/kg sc), triptorelin pamoate (0.18; 0.56mg/kg sc) and acetylsalicylic acid (3mg/kg per os). The animals were autoimplanted subcutaneously with 4x4-mm uterine fragments to induce endometriosis. The endometriomas were measured on days 1, 7, 14 and 21. The relative dry and wet weights of the endometrioma were used to evaluate response to the drug. Endometrial -like tissue was confirmed by histology. The greatest weight gain was observed on day 14 (relative wet weight: 29.1 ± 6.7mg%, relative dry weight: 5.3 ± 0.9mg %). Treatments were administered between day 5 and day 14. RESULTS:The relative wet weight of the hemiuterus in the 10mg/kg estradiol group differed significantly from control and the other two estradiol groups (p=0.0001). In the medroxyprogesterone acetate group the weight decreased significantly but this decrease was not dose-dependent. Weight reduction was also significant in the triptorelin pamoate and the acetylsalicylic acid groups. CONCLUSION:The model of subcutaneous endometriosis is reproducible, low-cost and easy to perform, and suitable for the study of pathophysiology and the effects of drugs.

Introduction: There seems to be a fairly close relationship between genital and anal lesions associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) and with the pathogenesis of malignancies in such sites. Objective: This review seeks to analyze published papers that suggest the necessity for anal intraepithelial lesions screening in women with HPV genital intraepithelial lesions. Methods: A systematic review of original research published between 2001 and 2014 was performed in the databases PubMed, HighWire, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. The keywords for the search were: "screening" or "early detection of cancer" and "anus" or "anus diseases" or "neoplasms anus" and "woman" or "women" and "HPV" or "DNA probes, HPV". Results: 1,203 articles were selected in the first search. After the reviewers applied exclusion and inclusion criteria and analyzed the papers, 15 were selected to compose this review. Most of them showed higher rates of anal intraepithelial lesions in women with genital intraepithelial lesions than in regular women. We also found a correlation between genital neoplasms and anal infection by oncogenic HPV types and the role of the virus in the pathogenesis of anal cancer. Conclusion: Screening for anal lesions in women with HPV genital lesions should be indicated, and further studies are required to determine the best methods.

We hypothesize that hyperlipidemia and IR may be involved in the pathophysiologic features of the elevated diastolic blood pressure in PCOS patients.

A síndrome de quebra-nozes também conhecida como nutcracker, é uma variação anatômica caracterizada pela compressão da veia renal esquerda, entre a aorta abdominal e a artéria mesentérica superior, resultando no refluxo dessa veia e das veias gonadais esquerda VGE. Objetivou-se, apresentar abordagem multiprofissional aplicada a uma paciente diagnósticada com síndrome do quebra-nozes Trata-se de relato de caso, de uma paciante diagnosticada com síndrome de quebra-nozes  residente na capital do estado do Ceará. A paciente buscou assistência médica relatando dor suprapúbica e em flanco esquerdo associado a hematúria e infecção do trato urinário. Foi submetida aos exames de imagem, onde necessitou de avaliação médica especializada, sendo diagnosticada com síndrome de quebra-nozes. O quadro de dor persistente se resolveu mediante a nefrectomia esquerda. Portanto, percebeu-se que a síndrome de quebra-nozes impactou negativamente na qualidade de vida da paciente em estudo, fazendo necessário de uma assistência multiprofissional imediata, resolutiva e sobretudo, de qualidade.