Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections constitute a major public health problem and are the main cause of chronic hepatitis and liver disease worldwide. The existing drugs, while effective, are expensive and associated with undesirable secondary effects. There is, hence, an urgent need to develop novel therapeutics, as well as an effective vaccine to prevent HCV infection. Understanding the interplay between HCV and the host cells will certainly contribute to better comprehend disease progression and may unravel possible new cellular targets for the development of novel antiviral therapeutics. Here, we review and discuss the interplay between HCV and the host cell innate immunity. We focus on the different cellular pathways that respond to, and counteract, HCV infection and highlight the evasion strategies developed by the virus to escape this intracellular response.
In order to efficiently replicate, viruses require precise interactions with host components and often hijack the host cellular machinery for their own benefit. Several mechanisms involved in protein synthesis and processing are strongly affected and manipulated by viral infections. A better understanding of the interplay between viruses and their host-cell machinery will likely contribute to the development of novel antiviral strategies. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the interactions between influenza A virus (IAV), the causative agent for most of the annual respiratory epidemics in humans, and the host cellular proteostasis machinery during infection. We focus on the manipulative capacity of this virus to usurp the cellular protein processing mechanisms and further review the protein quality control mechanisms in the cytosol and in the endoplasmic reticulum that are affected by this virus.
Objetivo: Verificar o impacto da sífilis nas adolescentes gestantes no Brasil. Revisão Bibliográfica: Devido ao grande impacto na saúde pública, a sífilis congênita entrou para os agravos de notificação compulsória e, assim, vem sendo monitorada pela vigilância epidemiológica brasileira e os serviços de saúde quando identificado registrado no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN). Na adolescência, tal vulnerabilidade se agrava por somar fator doença e fator falta de planejamento de vida, corroborando para uma desestruturação dos jovens brasileiros. Considerações finais: A sífilis tem impactado a população brasileira e está em franco crescimento nos últimos anos. Nos adolescentes seu impacto é importante, especialmente nas mulheres que se tornam gestantes e, muitas vezes, desconhecem seu diagnóstico, chegando a impactar o feto levando a desfechos muitas vezes devastadores. Por isso, vê-se a crucialidade da ampliação de serviços de saúde de forma que a educação sexual e incentivo ao planejamento de vida ajudem a reverter esse quadro melhorando a saúde tanto das adolescentes quanto de seus bebês.
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