BACKGROUND: Poultry activity exposes workers to accidents and unhealthy conditions with physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic and psychological risks. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to list risk factors in poultry farms in operational, behavioral, and environmental aspects. METHODS: We evaluated poultry farm workers through quantitative and qualitative analysis applying a semi-structured online questionnaire containing 58 questions to identify risks in the workplace and health implications. RESULTS: Most facilities were air-conditioned, workers performed their activities in a totally closed environment, with low light (1 to 10 lux), for more than 40 h/wk. Regarding accidents, 61%of workers claimed to have suffered some type of accident, 34%claimed to not use personal protection equipment, and 41%felt unable to perform their activities at some time due to health problems; handling animals and animal waste were the most significant biological risks; dust and ammonia corresponded to the most significant chemical risks; and electric shock, burns, and heat exposure were the most significant physical/accident risks. CONCLUSIONS: Workers expose themselves daily to physical, chemical, biological, psychosocial, and ergonomic risks. These exposures often lead to symptoms such as stress, headache, eye and mucous membrane disorders, respiratory diseases, back and muscle pain, depression, and symptoms often associated with Sick Building Syndrome.
This study aims to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of different homoeopathic products on the diet of laying quails. We used 200 Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) distributed in a completely randomized design consisting of the adoption of four experimental diets, with eight replicates of five quails each. The treatments were control (without additives), calcium carbonate (vehicle used in the products), Fertsigo®, and Ovosigo®. We determined the performance, egg quality, and blood biochemical profile of quails. The data were submitted to Tukey test at 5% probability. There was a significant effect of the homeopathic products Fertsigo® and Ovosigo® on the variables egg weight, yolk, albumen, and shell percentage. It did not affect the performance and blood biochemical profile (p > 0.05). The addition of the homoeopathic product Ovosigo® and FertSigo® in diets of Japanese quails at the laying phase is recommended because they resulted in the better weight of the egg and its components. Thus, the application of homoeopathy in the production of quails is a viable practice, since it is easy to manage, has a reduced cost, and exerts positive effects on the performance of quails.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens in different lighting programs. Broiler chickens were fed on feeders of different colours at different breeding phases. In total, 240 Cobb500™ chicks mixed at 1 d of age were used. They were distributed in a completely randomized design. The treatments followed a 2 × 4 factorial design: two lighting programs (continuous and intermittent), and four colours of feeders (white, green, blue, and red). The birds were evaluated for weekly productive performance and the data were submitted to analysis of variance and later Tukey’s test for comparison of means. In the periods 1–7, 1–21, and 1–42 d of age, lighting programs and feeder colours affected weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion. Intermittent red feeders influenced positively the performance of birds. It is possible to replace conventional lighting programs for intermittent lighting programs. Red feeders exert a positive influence on the performance of broiler chickens.
Objetivou-se com o presente estudo relatar e discutir o contexto atual da utilização de aditivos emulsificantes em dietas avícolas. Buscou-se nas principais bases de pesquisa Web of Science e Google Scholar, artigos dos 20 últimos anos que relatavam este tema com enfoque na nutrição avícola. Para acompanhar o aumento do potencial produtivo das aves, a indústria avícola, tem escolhido fontes de gorduras para aumentar o teor de energia nas dietas. A ingestão de lipídeos é fundamental, não apenas para suprir as necessidades energéticas, mas também para atender as exigências em ácidos graxos essenciais, melhoria da palatabilidade da ração e na digestibilidade dos outros nutrientes. Neste contexto, usar ferramentas nutricionais que melhorem a digestibilidade dos lipídios é essencial, haja vista a importância deste nutriente para a produção animal. Assim, os emulsificantes são aditivos recentemente estudados na nutrição de aves com o objetivo de melhorar a absorção dos lipídeos, auxiliando na formação das micelas de gorduras, formando assim uma emulsão que é melhor absorvido pelo animal. A utilização de emulsificantes mostrou-se uma alternativa viável e com boa propensão de utilização em larga escala, com o objetivo de reduzir os níveis de energia das dietas e consequentemente os custos de produção devido ao grande crescimento da avicultura nacional.
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