Aspectos tecnológicos do subproduto de panc (farinhas de cajanus cajan e phaseolus lunatus): fortalecimento da agricultura familiarTechnological aspects of panc subproduct (cajanus cajan and phaseolus lunatus flours): strengthening family agriculture A modernização da agricultura com o uso de máquinas, fertilizantes, agrotóxicos, além de danosa, contribuiu para a perda da biodiversidade, erosão, contaminação dos solos e da água, problemas socioculturais e à insegurança alimentar. As Plantas alimentícias não convencionais (PANCs), em sua maioria,são bem adaptadas ao clima e ao solo brasileiros, mais resistentes a pragas, doenças e à seca, além de necessitar pouco ou nenhum agrotóxico para seu cultivo. Isso tudo as tornam mais saudáveis e melhores para o meio ambiente. São consideradas PANCs, aquelas plantas que não foram estudadas pela comunidade técnico-científica e exploradas pela sociedade, mas resultando em consumo regional (BRASIL, 2010a). Dentre essas PANCs têm-se o feijão andu (Cajanus cajan) e o feijão mangalô (Phseolus lunatus), que são leguminosas de valor nutricional reconhecido e são cultivadas, amplamente, na agricultura familiar. Entretanto, existem poucas pesquisas sobre o cultivo dessas leguminosas, pois se acredita que as principais razões, para o cultivo e consumo limitados, sejam o desconhecimento do valor nutritivo, seu sabor marcante, a pouca exigência agronômica para produção e a preferência "cultural" pelo consumo do feijão comum por grande parte da população. Dessa forma, este trabalho avaliou as características tecnológicas de tais plantas através da granulometria, Índice de solubilidade em água (ISA) e Índice de absorção de água (IAA) para a produção de alimentos, podendo ser utilizadas em formulações na indústria de panificação, agregando melhores valores nutricionais do que a farinha de trigo e outras farinhas refinadas.Palavras-Chave: PANC, cajanus cajan, phaseolus lunatus germinados, granulometria, Índice de solubilidade em água (ISA) e Índice de absorção de água (IAA) ABSTRACTThe modernization of agriculture with the use of machinery, fertilizers, pesticides, as well as harmful, has contributed to the loss of biodiversity, erosion, soil and water contamination, socio-cultural problems and food insecurity. Most unconventional food plants (PANCs) are well adapted to the Brazilian climate and soil, more resistant to pests, diseases and drought, and require little or no pesticides for their cultivation. These all make them healthier and better for the environment. PANCs are those plants that have not been studied by the technicalscientific community and exploited by society, but resulting in regional consumption (BRASIL, 2010a). Among these PANCs are Andu beans (Cajanus cajan) and Mangalo beans (Phseolus lunatus), which are legumes of recognized nutritional value and are widely grown in family farms. However, there is little research on the cultivation of these legumes, as it is
Legumes are part of a group of foods widely used in human and animal food since the earliest times because of their high nutritional value, being important sources of proteins, carbohydrates, fibers, minerals and vitamins. In addition, its composition also presents several bioactive compounds, which have been associated with the prevention of several diseases, especially those related to the cardiovascular system. Another aspect to be observed is that some of its biochemical characteristics, such as the type of starch, protein and fibers, can be exploited as binders, excipients, thickeners and dispersants in the formulation of various pharmaceutical products in the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, this review article raised the need to evaluate the potential of legumes in this industry through the analysis of the different works carried out and available in the literature.
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