Background: Oligohydramnios is one of the major causes of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The sonographic diagnosis of oligohydramnios is usually based on an AFI≤5 cm or on a single deepest pocket of amniotic fluid≤2 cm3. Our study was aimed to study the perinatal outcome in oligohydramnios. Aim and objective were to study obstetric risk factors associated with oligohydramnios and maternal outcome in the form of mode of delivery, and to assess neonatal complications in terms of APGAR score at birth, NICU admission rates, meconium stained liquor and still birth rates.Methods: It was an Observational, Prospective, clinical study of 100 pregnant patients diagnosed with oligohydramnios by ultrasound, carried out in Geetanjali medical college and hospital, Udaipur for period of from January 2020-August 2020. The study was conducted after ethical clearance and with informed consent. Detailed history on demographic profile, medical illness, obstetric history and antenatal complication if any in the present pregnancy; general examination, obstetric examination and bimanual examination were performed meticulously.Results: In our study 53% cases of oligohydramnios were associated with some of the risk factors like PIH (29%), IUGR (22%), fetal anomaly (1%), systemic maternal disease (1%) and 47% of the cases were Idiopathic. LSCS was done in 85.71% cases with AFI<5 cm. Low birth weight was found in 51.43% cases with AFI<5 cm. NICU admission was required for 28.57% cases with AFI<5 cm.Conclusions: AFI is an important and convenient screening test for prediction of perinatal outcome. In presence of oligohydramnios, the risk of fetal distress, operative delivery, low Apgar score, low birth weight, perinatal morbidity and mortality are more. Hence early detection of oligohydramnios, associated antenatal risk factors and timely management can improve the maternal and fetal outcome.
Introduction:Pulsed Doppler ultrasound allows a clearer understanding of hemodynamic changes and has thus become one of the most effective clinical methods in highrisk pregnancies for fetomaternal surveillance.Fetuses with abnormal flow velocity waveform exhibit a high rate of perinatal asphyxia and death compared to those with normal flow properties.Doppler velocimetrydetermines not only the frequency of antenatal testing and the optimum delivery time, but also the mode of delivery. Objective: To evaluate fetal outcome in High Risk Pregnancies with Doppler changes. Material and methods: Fetal outcome of 100 high risk pregnancies with doppler changes showing abnormality were analysed over a period of 4 months from May 2020 to August 2020. Ultrasound was done followed by Doppler evaluation. Uterine, umbilical and middle cerebral artery flow velocity waveforms (FVW) were analyzed and the resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI) and the systolic/diastolic (S/D) ratios were measured. Fetal outcome was determined by APGAR score after 5minute. Results:Out of 100 cases, 43 patients underwent vaginal delivery, out of which 25 full term and 18 were preterm deliveries. 57 patients underwent caesarean section out of which 33 were full term and 24 were preterm. Out of 88 live births,22 babies had APGAR <6 at 5 minutes and 34 babies required NICU admission because of fetal distress, low birth weight, low APGAR, respiratory distress syndrome and IUGR. Conclusion: Doppler can be used as promising adjunct in management of high risk pregnancies. It helps in guiding early intervention and improving fetal outcome.
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