Based on longitudinal and cross-sectional evidence, cancer survivors can experience symptoms for more than 10 years following treatment. These symptoms were present in survivors of all four cancer types who underwent a wide variety of treatment. The results indicate that these symptoms should be evaluated and managed to optimize long-term outcomes.

The model considers the health, functional status in relation to demands, work environment, and policy, procedures, and financial factors. The model allows the clinician and survivor to consider factors that can be addressed by the health care provider, survivor, and workplace. Implications for Cancer Survivors. This model provides a framework to aid in conceptualizing problems related to work.

Reports of cognitive problems at work should be carefully followed up.

Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and fatigue should be screened for and treated in BCS, as an approach to mitigating perceived cognitive limitations. However, healthcare providers should be aware that cognitive limitations exist in excess of what can be associated with symptom burden, and may be related to endocrine therapy and other cancer treatments.

Employed cancer survivors, health care providers, and employers need to be aware of the potential implications of limitations in function (e.g., physical, cognitive, and interpersonal/social) as it relates to ability to work. In many cases, these functional limitations are responsive to rehabilitation. Workplaces also need to be educated on how to better respond to the needs of cancer survivors at work.

When BCS report problems with cognitive abilities at work along with fatigue and depressive symptoms, it is important to recognize that these symptoms can be independently related to cognitive limitations. This study also suggests that management of symptoms of fatigue and depression may benefit from different approaches when improvement in cognitive function at work is a desired outcome.

Breast cancer survivors can use the CSPro to prioritize problem areas following cancer treatment.

Although at present, there is no evidence indicating a causal relationship between stress and cancer recurrence, attending to the reduction in a cancer survivor's stress response can improve emotional well-being and quality of life.