Ablative and acoustic response of pulsed UV laserirradiated vascular tissue in a liquid environment

The marking response of optical data storage structures is controlled by the interplay of optical and thermal effects. Relatively simple analytical expressions were derived that provided a qualitative and semiquantitative description of the optical and thermal characteristics of an organic dye-based optical recording medium. These were used to explain various phenomena that were observed during recording experiments that were performed on compact disk-writable media and to evolve a new understanding of the mark formation process.

In this paper, we investigated the effect of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) on solar cell performance. An opto-electric conversion efficiency of 11.75% (Voc = 0.64 V, Jsc = 25.88 mA/cm2, FF=72.08%) was obtained under AM 1.5G when the cell was annealed at 300 °C for 30 s. The annealed solar cell showed an average absolute efficiency 1.5% higher than that of the as-deposited one. For the microstructure analysis and the physical phase confirmation, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectra, front surface reflection (FSR), internal quantum efficiency (IQE), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were respectively applied to distinguish the causes inducing the efficiency variation. All experimental results implied that the RTA eliminated recombination centers at the p–n junction, reduced the surface optical losses, enhanced the blue response of the CdS buffer layer, and improved the ohmic contact between Mo and Cu(In, Ga)Se2 (CIGS) layers. This leaded to the improved performance of CIGS solar cell.

The threshold marking response of a laser-irradiated dye-polymer thin film is described by a simple, thermally thresholding model. The apparent loss of thermal reciprocity is related to active reflectance changes during mark formation. It is shown that incorporation of measured differences between physical and optically detected mark lengths are required for the model to accurately replicate the subsequent marking response. A theoretical expression is derived that permits the estimation of media thermal diffusivity from the measured marking response.

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