An efficient and reusable Fe3O4-nanoparticle-immobilized-palladium catalyst was prepared and applied to the direct C-2 arylation of indoles with arylboronic acids.
A highly chemo-, regio-selective, and efficient palladium-catalyzed deamidative arylation of azoles with arylamides, as an aryl metal equivalent, has been developed. The reaction proceeds smoothly to generate the corresponding products in good yields via a tandem decarbonylation-C-H activation.
Four linear dinuclear N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-palladium complexes {[PdCl(2)(NHC)](2)(μ-L)·xCH(2)Cl(2)} (1-4, L = pyrazine, DABCO) were synthesized through one-pot reactions of imidazolium salts, PdCl(2) and various bidentate N-heterocycles under mild conditions. The compounds were fully characterized by NMR, FT-IR and elemental analysis. Among them, complexes [PdCl(2)L(Mes)](2)(μ-pyrazine)·CH(2)Cl(2) (), [PdCl(2)L(iPr)](2)(μ-pyrazine) (1), and [PdCl(2)L(Mes)](2)(μ-DABCO) (2), were elucidated by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Moreover, the catalytic activity of the NHC-palladium complexes was examined in the Hiyama reactions and the results showed that the dinuclear palladium complexes were the effective catalyst precursors for the reactions of aryltrialkyoxysilanes with aryl chlorides.
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