The COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 has exposed major weaknesses in economic, governmental, and social structures that many have taken for granted in everyday life. The sport industry, which has gained unprecedented popularity in recent decades, is no exception. Decisions, driven in response to the COVID-19 outbreak, to suspend play in major sports leagues across the globe have exposed the precarious nature of the work situation that hourly event workers find themselves in. As the games stopped, so did the earnings of workers who impact essential aspects of the sport spectators’ experience. These workers include the part-time front of house staff for public assembly facilities, including ushers, concessions workers, ticket takers, and security personnel. This essay, drawing on ideas from C.W. Mills, Arne Kalleberg, and Guy Standing, will examine the impact of the pandemic on the employment of these workers by looking at the state of labor associated with sport and sports events. Furthermore, the essay will explore the challenges facing a class of workers who depend on numerous part-time or seasonal sports event jobs to scrape together an existence when sport suddenly stops. Finally, the essay will address the potential aftereffects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sport labor and consider how sport work could change as a result. This scholarly commentary lays the groundwork for further study and analysis of an important, yet rarely remarked on, aspect of employment morality and sport labor studies.
Volunteers are an integral part of the labor pool in the sports industry and organizations benefit from the extensive contributions that volunteer workers make to the daily operations of organizations and the overall management of events. Sport organizations have tended to utilize mainstream human resource management practices that focus on paid workers ignoring the differences in motivation and satisfaction factors that differentiate the sports volunteer worker along with the sports industry. This study explores the lived experience of long-term sport volunteers with regard to training and work preparedness, recognition and status, wellbeing, and belonging. The study employs an ethnographic research strategy in an authentic environment that would allow the researchers to untangle and understand the multiple realities that construct the volunteer experience. A holistic view of the dynamic interdependencies of all components of the volunteer community emerges yielding a new typology, the Frustration Factor.Résumé Les bénévoles font partie intégrante du réservoir de la force de travail dans le secteur du sport et les organisations bénéficient d'importantes contributions faites par les travailleurs bénévoles pour les opérations quotidiennes des organisations et la gestion générale des évènements. Les organisations sportives ont tendance à utiliser des pratiques de gestion des ressources humaines ordinaires qui privilégient les travailleurs rémunérés, en ignorant les différences des facteurs de motivation et de satisfaction qui différencient les travailleurs bénévoles du secteur sportif avec le secteur sportif. Cette étude explore l'expérience vécue de volontaires sportifs de longue durée en ce qui concerne la formation et la préparation au travail, la reconnaissance et le statut, le bien-être et le sentiment d'appartenance. L'étude utilise une stratégie de recherche ethnographique dans un environnement authentique qui permettrait aux chercheurs d'éclaircir et de comprendre les multiples réalités qui construisent l'expérience des volontaires. Une vision holistique des interdépendances dynamiques de toutes les composantes de la communauté des bénévoles se dégage pour donner une nouvelle typologie, le facteur de frustration.Zusammenfassung Ehrenamtliche Mitarbeiter sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil des Arbeitskräftebestands in der Sportindustrie, und Organisationen profitieren von den beträchtlichen Beiträgen, die die ehrenamtlichen Mitarbeiter für den täglichen Betrieb der Organisationen und das insgesamte Management von Veranstaltungen leisten. Sportorganisationen tendieren dazu, etablierte Personalmanagementpraktiken anzuwenden, die sich auf bezahlte Mitarbeiter konzentrieren, und lassen dabei die Unterschiede bei der Motivation und Zufriedenheit außer Acht, die die Ehrenamtlichen im Sportbereich und auch die Sportindustrie differenzieren. Diese Studie erforscht die Erfahrungen langfristiger ehrenamtlicher Mitarbeiter in der Sportindustrie hinsichtlich Schulung und Vorbereitung auf die Arbeit, Anerkennung und Status...
Alcohol consumption at college football games concerns stadium and university administrators because of the risk of alcohol-related crime, injury, and other potential problems. The purpose of this study was to determine how many of the 120 NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision athletic department Web sites posted their stadium alcohol policies, what their alcohol policies contained, and how they differed. An analysis of information about the availability of alcohol, restrictions on alcohol consumption, and the enforcement of the policies on their official university-sponsored athletic department stadium Web sites was conducted. Results of the study suggested that alcohol policy information is often unavailable or difficult to locate. College athletic department Web sites are typically filled with varying information about their sport teams, but because of the layout and busy nature of such sites, it is often difficult to find certain information on them.
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