Fused filament fabrication (FFF) or fused deposition modeling is an additive manufacturing (AM) process commonly used for geometric modeling and rapid prototyping of parts called three-dimensional (3-D) printing. Commonly used thermoplastic materials in FFF 3-D printing AM are acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). However, these materials exhibit relatively low strength and toughness. Therefore, it is desirable to improve various properties of thermoplastics in 3-D printing AM by employing nanotechnology. The combination of 3-D printing and nanotechnology opens new venues for the manufacture of 3-D engineered materials with optimized properties and multifunctionality (e.g. mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties). Hence, in this work, the multifunctional property improvement effects of graphene oxide (GO) on thermoplastic materials suitable for 3-D printing AM are investigated. Low loading of GO with carboxyl and hydroxyl surface functional groups is incorporated into thermoplastic materials suitable for 3-D printing AM by a special mixing technique. ABS is chosen in this study due to its availability. Graphene nanosheets are employed to improve the properties of the developed nanocomposites by 3-D
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