Practices described as traditional medicine may coexist with formalized, science-based medicine. In this context, the present study aimed to verify the profile of the elderly who consumed herbal medicines concomitantly with medications and to identify suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the Brazilian Amazon (Macapá, Amapá). The study was carried out in two steps: a cross-sectional study (structured questionnaire) and a clinical study (pharmacotherapeutic follow-up). Out of 208 participants, 78.8% were female with age between 60 and 69 years (58.7%), 59.1% used herbal medicines concurrently with medications, and 40.9% did not report use of herbal medicine. Losartan was the most used medication, and Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Br was the most common herbal medicine used. The total prevalence of suspected ADRs, among the elderly who answered the structured questionnaire, was 41.3%, with 27.4% being in the elderly who used herbal medicines and medications, and 13.9% being in the elderly who used only medications. Meanwhile, the total prevalence of suspected ADRs was 71.0% among the elderly patients who underwent pharmacotherapeutic follow-up, 60.5% in elderly who used herbal medicines and medications, and 10.5% in elderly who used only medications. The most reported ADR symptoms were related to disorders that affect the nervous system (38.4%) in the structured questionnaire and related to digestive disorders (36.4%) in the pharmacotherapeutic follow-up. The probability associated with the occurrence of a given ADR in the face of a set of demographic, socioeconomic, and clinical variables was estimated; the results showed that, in the studied population, only sex (p = 0.030) had an influence on the occurrence of ADR. The prevalence of ADRs with probable causality was high in this study population, but it was only sex-related, although more prevalent in the elderly who consume herbal medicines.
O ensino médico orientado para a comunidade constitui um dos fundamentos do preparo de futuros profissionais para o trabalho nos serviços de saúde e permite formação ampla para atendimento nos diversos níveis de cuidado. A instituição do programa mais médicos permitiu distribuição de profissionais em regiões com maior necessidade e mudanças nos processos de trabalhos na atenção básica. O curso de medicina da Universidade Federal do Amapá (UNIFAP) iniciou em 2015 atividades de inserção de alunos nas equipes de saúde com profissionais do programa. Este estudo visou identificar as percepções dos acadêmicos de medicina sobre a experiência de aprendizado na comunidade durante acompanhamento de equipes de saúde da família do programa mais médicos. Realizou-se estudo qualitativo através da técnica do grupo focal com voluntários da quarta série de graduação de medicina. O estudo constatou que alunos tiveram percepções positivas sobre a atuação dos médicos acompanhados, principalmente pela valorização da relação médico paciente e atendimento holístico. Entretanto, houve identificação de necessidade de atualização dos protocolos brasileiros de atendimento na atenção primária. Os discentes mudaram visão preconcebida sobre a baixa qualidade profissional do programa e passaram a aceitar melhor a experiência. A observação da realidade estrutural de postos de saúde foi considerada causa importante para que médicos evitem trabalhar no interior ou regiões isoladas. Os achados auxiliam no aprofundamento das discussões sobre políticas de provimento de médicos e sua interação com o ensino, ainda assim novos estudos precisam ser estimulados para avaliar outros aspectos e impactos ocasionados por esse tipo de programa.
Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico dos tumores sólidos mais prevalentes em uma unidade de assistência de alta complexidade em oncologia em um estado da Amazônia Legal e correlacionar com os dados nacionais. Metodologia: Pesquisa descritiva, transversal e com análise quantitativa, da qual foram amostrados 1568 pacientes atendidos no período de janeiro de 2013 a dezembro de 2017, coletadas variáveis de data nascimento, raça/cor, sexo, cidade/estado, data da biópsia, data do óbito e CID-10/diagnóstico. Os dados foram analisados através do teste não paramétrico Qui-quadrado (X2) com 5% de probabilidade de erro e variáveis com valor de P estatístico menor que 0,05 foram consideradas estatisticamente significativas. Resultados: Dos principais tumores sólidos, 56% foram do sexo feminino; a faixa etária mais prevalente para ambos os sexos foi de 50 a 59 anos, de maioria proveniente da capital (67,15%). Apenas 8,03% dos pacientes foram a óbito. O câncer de colo de útero foi o mais prevalente com 19,57% e idades entre 40 a 49 anos (24,62%) as mais frequentes para este câncer. Demonstrou-se que o perfil epidemiológico se enquadrou no aguardado para uma cidade da região Norte brasileira, caracterizada por padrões populacionais de baixa renda. Conclusão: Os dados obtidos por meio deste estudo permitiram traçar o perfil epidemiológico de pessoas com câncer atendidas em uma unidade de alta complexidade em oncologia do Amapá, evidenciando disparidades características encontradas na região Norte, em detrimento das outras regiões brasileiras. Descritores: Câncer. Oncologia. Epidemiologia.
Introduction Contemporary medical education prioritizes the development of scientific knowledge and technical skills, associated with professional attitudes. Attitudes are components of affective ability and influence medical practice, so they should be taught systematically during undergraduate training. The use of films as a pedagogical resource in medical training allows reflection on the biopsychosocial context in which the patient is inserted, contributing to the development of humanistic attitudes among students and future physicians. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of cinema as an educational resource in teaching humanistic attitudes to medical students. Material and Methods A cross-sectional, quasi-experimental, qualitative and quantitative study was carried out with 107 students from the first to sixth year of the medical course of the Federal University of Amapá. The Medical Students Attitude Scale (validated by the author Maria de Fátima Colares, 2002) was used before and after the exhibition of films related to relevant themes in the medical area. This psychometric scale is composed of multiple-choice Likert-type responses and aims to assess the attitudes of medical students regarding the following factors: primary health care; psychological and emotional aspects involved in diseases; ethical aspects in professional practice; mental illness, death-related situations; scientific research. The Wilcoxon Rank Test was used to compare data from paired samples. Results All the factors evaluated by the medical students attitudes scale related to relevant aspects of medical practice showed a significant increase in the frequency of positive attitudes (p < 0.05) among the first- to fourth-year students following the cinema sessions. The fifth- and sixth-year students did not present significant changes in attitudes related to death, mental illness and contribution to the scientific advancement of medicine. Conclusion Cinema is an effective pedagogical tool in teaching humanistic attitudes in the preclinical series of the medical course.
Introduction Contemporary medical education prioritizes the development of scientific knowledge and technical skills, associated with professional attitudes. Attitudes are components of affective ability and influence medical practice, so they should be taught systematically during undergraduate training. The use of films as a pedagogical resource in medical training allows reflection on the biopsychosocial context in which the patient is inserted, contributing to the development of humanistic attitudes among students and future physicians. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of cinema as an educational resource in teaching humanistic attitudes to medical students. Material and Methods A cross-sectional, quasi-experimental, qualitative and quantitative study was carried out with 107 students from the first to sixth year of the medical course of the Federal University of Amapá. The Medical Students Attitude Scale (validated by the author Maria de Fátima Colares, 2002) was used before and after the exhibition of films related to relevant themes in the medical area. This psychometric scale is composed of multiple-choice Likert-type responses and aims to assess the attitudes of medical students regarding the following factors: primary health care; psychological and emotional aspects involved in diseases; ethical aspects in professional practice; mental illness, death-related situations; scientific research. The Wilcoxon Rank Test was used to compare data from paired samples. Results All the factors evaluated by the medical students attitudes scale related to relevant aspects of medical practice showed a significant increase in the frequency of positive attitudes (p < 0.05) among the first- to fourth-year students following the cinema sessions. The fifth- and sixth-year students did not present significant changes in attitudes related to death, mental illness and contribution to the scientific advancement of medicine. Conclusion Cinema is an effective pedagogical tool in teaching humanistic attitudes in the preclinical series of the medical course.
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