Malvaceae family is typical from the Mediterranean region, contains 240 genera and more than 4,200 species. They are most commonly used as ornamental plants, although they can also be conceived as a food resource and remedy for various diseases, such as digestive, respiratory, genitourinary, throat infections, and skeletal and skin disorders, as also injuries where they are profoundly applied for skin care and as antiseptic and demulcent. They also possess diuretic, lenitive, spasmolytic, and laxative effects, besides to be used as antidiarrheal. Thus, the present review provides in‐depth data on Malva spp. potential applications and phytochemical composition for food and pharmaceutical industries. Habitat and cultivation conditions and the clinical reports related to its biological effects are also emphasized. Malva spp. possess a wide variety of chemical constituents (such as polysaccharides, coumarins, flavonoids, polyphenols, vitamins, terpenes, and tannins) found in different plant organs, especially in leaves and flowers, connected to their biological activity. In general, Malva spp. have rather moderate antimicrobial activity, high antiinflammatory and wound healing activities, strong antioxidant activity, and anticancer properties. Results from in vitro and in vivo experiments encourage more in‐depth studies, namely clinical trials, towards to improve knowledge on the use of Malva spp. for the treatment of various health conditions in humans.

Trapa natans is one of the very few plants that generate so many contrasting views: it is highly endangered in Europe, invasive in North America and Australia, yet highly valued in India and China due to its nutritional and medical properties. Its endangered status in most of the Europe has prompted significant conservation efforts aimed at retention and expansion of its population. T. natans is currently on the red list of many European countries and is included under “Appendix I” of the “Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats” (Bern Convention) and IPA list (IPA criterion A, threatened species). The unusual circumstances, i.e. endangered status of T. natans in the region on one hand and its expansion in Serbia on the other, are the reason behind this research that aims to present the distribution, floristic composition and ecological conditions of ass. Trapetum natantis stands in hydromeliorative facilities (Serbia), comprised of 28 hydrophytes. In the analyzed stands, based on the long-term phytocenological studies, we have singled out four floristic and ecological groups: the stands in which T. natans predominates, the stands with Ceratophyllum demersum, the stands with lemnids plants (Lemna minor, L. gibba, Spirodela polyrrhiza) and Salvinia natans and the stands with Hydrocharis morsus-ranae. In the researched localities, the differentiation of ass. Trapetum natantis stands is predetermined by the phosphorus and nitrate content, as well as pH and BOD₅ levels.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

The Jegricka, once a natural watercourse traversing the southwestern part of the Backa region, has been turned into a canal, which became part of the main canal network of the hydro-system Danube-Tisza-Danube (Hs DTD). In its turn, the Hs DTD is part of the European waterway linking the North Sea to the Black Sea, i.e., part of the navigable Rhine-Main-Danube Canal. The watercourse is 65.4 km long and it is divided into three levels. The presence of the regulated and the nonregulated sections of the canal, frequent and abrupt changes in water level in the individual sections, different depths and surface water widths of the various sections and the fishpond constructed in the lower section cause considerable vegetation diversity. The vegetation comprises aquatic associations of the classes Hydrochari-Lemnetea Oberd. 1967 and Potametea Tx. et Prsg. 1942. The class Hydrochari-Lemnetea Oberd. 1967 includes the following phytocoenoses: Salvinio-Spirodeletum polyrrhizae Slavnic 1956, Ceratophylletum demersi (So? 27) Hild. 1956, Lemno-Utricularietum vulgaris So? 1928 and Hydrocharidetum morsus-ranae Van Langendonck 1935. The class Potametea Tx. et Prsg. 1942 includes the associations Myriophyllo-Potametum So? 1934, Najadetum marine Fukarek 1961, Nymphaeetum albae Vollmar 1947, Nymphoidetum peltate (Allorge 1922) Oberd. et M?ller 1960 and Trapetum natantis M?ller et G?rs 1960.

Banat je deo Panonske nizije i administrativno je podeljen između Srbije, Rumunije i Mađarske (sl. 1). Srpski deo Banata severoistočni je deo Republike Srbije. Prostire se između Opšte karakteristike istraživanog područja __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ "Hidrofite Osnovne kanalske mreže Hidrosistema DTD na području Banata" 7 3.3. Klima Banata Banat je deo umereno klimatskog pojasa. Međutim, njegov izraženo kontinentalan karakter klime je posledica njegove geografske pripadnosti Panonskoj niziji koja je okružena planinskim masivima Karpata sa istoka, Alpa sa zapada i Dinarida sa jugozapada (sl. 3). Zbog navedenog geografskog položaja, u Banat lakše prodiru vazdušne struje preko nešto nižih Karpata i, tokom Dunava, preko Vlaške nizije. Sa severozapada, preko Alpa, prodiru uticaji srednjeevropske klime, a preko Dinarida, odnosno iz pravca Jadranskog mora, dolaze uticaji mediteranske klime koji ublažavaju ovu kontinentalnost (Knežević, 1990). Opšte karakteristike istraživanog područja __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ "Hidrofite Osnovne kanalske mreže Hidrosistema DTD na području Banata" 12 3.4. Vode Banata Nekada je Vojvodina bila deo velikog Panonskog mora. Nakon njegovog oticanja, krajem pliocena, stvorena je ogromna Panonska nizija. Posle povlačenja vode, ostale su mnogobrojne rečice koje su plavile okolno zemljište i u depresijama formirale brojna jezera, bare i močvare koje su, do pre 300 godina, činile čak 35% ukupne površine Vojvodine. Krajem pleistocena (diluvijum) formirani su tokovi reka koji otprilike zauzimaju današnje položaje. Njihova osnovna karakteristika je slab pad koji je uslovio slabo izražena usecanja korita i bočnu eroziju, ali i prilično slabu drenažu. Posledica toga je vrlo visok nivo podzemnih voda u Vojvodini čiji nivo varira u zavisnosti od proticanja unutrašnjih i atmosferskih voda. Maksimalan nivo podzemnih voda je u proleće, a najmanji je u jesen. Ove vode mogu postepeno da zaslanjuju površinski deo zemljišta što zavisi od kritičnog nivoa podzemne vode. Viši nivo podzemnih voda može da dovede do zamočvarivanja, zabarivanja ili zaslanjivanja donjeg dela korisnog sloja zemljišta (Knežević, 1990). Površinske vode Banata, pored najvećih reka Dunava i Tise, čine i brojni vodotoci. Od severa ka jugu to su: Zlatica,

Sub-lethal doses of herbicides can promote plant growth and have a positive effect on an organism this is called hormesis. The purpose of this study was to test the effects of sub-lethal doses of glyphosate on soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) (1.8, 3.6, 7.2, 36, 180, and 720 g ha−1) and Amaranthus retroflexus L. (7.2, 36, 180, 720, 1440, and 2880 g ha−1). Different biological parameters, such as phytotoxicity, fresh weight, root length, content of photosynthetic pigments, and shikimate concentration, were measured. Glyphosate in doses of 1440 and 2880 g ha−1 destroyed A. retroflexus plants. A fresh weight of A. retroflexus at a dose of 36 g ha−1 was reduced by 76.31%, while for the soybean it was reduced by 19.26%. At the highest dose, the shikimate concentration was 145% in the soybean, while in A. retroflexus, the concentration increased by 58.80% compared to the control plants. All doses of glyphosate were statistically significantly different in terms of chlorophyll a content, while higher doses in A. retroflexus caused chlorophyll b to decrease. The change in the production of carotenoids was not statistically significant. The results showed that sub-lethal amounts of glyphosate did not lead to stimulation of measured parameters of soybean.