This study investigated the effect of different concentrations of humic acids (HAs) on the selected serum biochemistry parameters and oxidative status markers in common pheasants (Phasianus colchicus). The control birds were fed a diet with no HA additives, while the birds in the experimental groups were fed diets containing HAs at the level of 0.5% (EG1), 0.75% (EG2) and 1.0% (EG3) from 1 to 90 days of age.  The blood sodium concentration decreased (P < 0.01) in the group fed by 1.00% HAs compared to the control birds. The concentration of potassium in the EG2 group increased (P < 0.05) in comparison to the control group. The EG1 group showed a higher (P < 0.01) serum glucose than the EG2 group. Significant differences (P < 0.05; P < 0.01) were also found between the experimental groups (EG1 vs EG2, and EG2 vs EG3) in the cholesterol concentrations. The birds in the experimental groups showed lower ROS (reactive oxygen species) and MDA (malondialdehyde) production. An opposite effect was observed in the TAC (total antioxidant capacity), where its values significantly increased in the experimental groups. The diet supplementation affected the enzymatic antioxidant system of the fattened pheasants, and so the HAs exhibited an antioxidant potential in these birds.

The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of change of feeding realised by beginning of grazing on composition of goat milk at ecological farm RD Pod Skalkou, Tvrdošín from middle April to end of June in 150 goats in different parities. For indoor feeding meadow hay (ad libitum) with grain feed and protein concentrate was used. Outdoor feeding using pasture and the same feed mixture like in indoor feeding was realised (0.2 kg crimped oat + 0.3 kg mixture of barley and corn in ratio 2:1 and 0.1 kg protein concentrate). Goats were milked twice a day using machine milking system. In all milk samples basic nutrients -according to standard laboratory methods, gross energy using Leco AC500, and minerals using CotrAA®700 were determined. Except fat, lactose, ash, all analysed parameters of goat milk were significantly (P<0.05 resp. P<0.01) affected by beginning of grazing. Concentration of Ca, P, Mg, Na and Mn was highest in goat milk fed only indoors, whereas concentration of Cu, Fe and Zn was highest on 7 th day after start of grazing. Described changes of basic nutrients, gross energy and minerals of goat milk confirm significant effect of beginning of grazing on milk composition.

The target of the research was to analyze the effect of antidiarrheal feed additives on calves average daily weight gain. In the study, 120 calves were analyzed. Newborns were selected into 3 treatment groups, control (without supplementation) and group with Ascophyllum nodosum (prebiotics), and mixture of Lactobacillus sporogenes, Enterococcus faecalis and Bifidobacterium bifidum (probiotics). Individual body weight of animal were determined after 2 hours postpartum. Monitoring of the growth intensity, as well as health status were done till 56 days of age. Significant effects (P<0.01) of additive supplementation were found in the group with probiotics, in body weight at the age 21 days, as well as at the age of 56 days of life. Significant effect (P<0.01) of probiotics supplementation was found also in daily weight gains of animals. On the base of analyzed results, probiotics in calves nutrition stimulate the body weight.

The aim of this study was to determine the protein quality of sow's colostrum. For this purpose, the essential amino acid index (EAAI) of sow's colostrum was calculated. The study was carried out on 12 Large white sows, which were on the 2.9 farrowing on average. Colostrum samples were collected by milking per hand without application of oxytocin. First sample were milked at time of birth of first piglet, and then every hour till 12 th hour. Essential amino acids were determined using Amino Acid Analyser AAA400 (Ingos, Prague). For calculation of EAAI, the egg protein (EAAIegg) and protein of sow's milk (EAAIsow's milk) were used as standard. The highest value of EAAI was calculated for both at 4 th h, EAAIegg 97.1%, EAAIsow's milk 120.2%. The lowest values of EAAI were calculated at 12 th h EAAIegg 78.3% and EAAIsow's milk 96.9%. During the first 12 hours, protein of sow's colostrum had not reached the quality of egg protein. Except sample collected at 12 th hour after birth of first piglet, all colostrum samples had better quality of protein in comparison to sow's milk. No significant (P>0.05) differences of EAAI between colostrum samples collected at different times from the birth of the first piglet till 12 th h were observed.Keywords: amino acids, colostrum, index of essential amino acid, sow Abstrakt Cieľom tejto práce bolo stanoviť kvalitu bielkovín v mledzive prasníc. Pre dosiahnutie vytýčených cieľov bol pre mledzivo prasníc vypočítaný index esenciálnych aminokyselín (EAAI). Štúdia bola realizovaná na 12 prasniciach plemena Biela ušľachtilá, ktoré boli v priemere na 2,9 vrhu. Vzorky mledziva boli odoberané ručným oddojením, bez aplikácie oxytocínu. Prvá vzorka bola odobraná v čase narodenia prvého prasiatka vo vrhu, následné vzorky boli odoberané každú hodinu až do dvanástej hodiny po narodení prvého prasiatka. Obsah esenciálnych aminokyselín bol stanovený na prístroji Amino Acid Analyser AAA400 (Ingos, Praha). Ako štandardná bielkovina pre výpočet EAAI bola použitá bielkovina vajca (EAAIegg) a bielkovina mlieka prasníc (EAAIsow's milk). Najvyššie hodnoty EAAI boli stanovené pri oboch na 4 hodinu od narodenia prvého prasiatka, EAAIegg 97,1%, EAAIsow's milk Original scientific paper DOI: /10.5513/JCEA01/19.1.2028 Journal of Central European Agriculture, 2018, 19(1), p.95-101 95 120,2%. Najnižšie hodnoty EAAI boli stanovené na dvanástu hodinu od narodenia prvého prasiatka, EAAIegg 78,3% and EAAIsow's milk 96,9%. Počas sledovaných prvých dvanástich hodín mledzivo prasníc nedosiahlo kvalitu bielkovín, ktorá je vo vaječnej bielkovine. Okrem vzorky mledziva odobranej na dvanástu hodinu po narodení prvého prasiatka, mali všetky vzorky mledziva lepšiu kvalitu bielkovín ako je kvalita bielkovín v mlieku prasníc. Rozdiely hodnôt EAAIegg a aj EAAIsow's milk zistené medzi jednotlivými časmi odberu vzorky boli štatisticky nepreukazné (P>0.05).

The aim of this work was to determine the quality of maize silages from Western Slovak Region analyzed in 2009 and 2010 on the Department of animal nutrition, Faculty of agrobiology and food resources, Slovak university of agriculture in Nitra, Slovakia. Maize silages were evaluated on the base of nutritional value, the result of fermentation process and silage quality according to Regulation of the Government of Slovak Republic no. 439/2006, appendix no.7, part C -Silage. We found in maize silages the average dry matter content 357.87 g.kg