IntroductionIn 2012, the Great Plains Public Health Training Center (Grant #UB6HP22821) conducted an online survey of state and local health departments and the American Indian (tribal clinics, tribal health departments, and urban Indian clinic) public health workforce across three professional levels. The objectives of the needs assessment were to determine the competency levels of the state’s public health workforce, assess gaps in public health competencies, identify public health training interests, needs, and preferences, and to determine the barriers and motivators to participate in public health training.MethodsThe assessment was developed using the Council on Linkages Between Academia and Public Health Practice, Core Competencies for Public Health Professionals survey (1). The final assessment was created and piloted by numerous individuals representing practice and academia.ResultsRespondents identified cultural competency and communication skills as the two most important public health competency domains. Although the public health professionals perceived that they were least proficient in the area of policy development and program planning, participants identified the greatest needs for training in financial planning and management skills and analytical/assessment skills. In general, respondents preferred instructor-led interactive training sessions offered as onsite multi-day workshops or computer-based courses. Respondents identified obesity, health disparities, physical activity, chronic diseases, and diabetes as the top five public health topical areas.ConclusionThese priorities align with State and National public health plans. The findings of the needs assessment were used to tailor educational opportunities to build the capacity of Nebraska’s public health system. Additionally, the results were used to develop workforce development plans for numerous local health departments throughout Nebraska.

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The purpose of this 2-year project is to improve the quality of services offered by the Office of Women's and Men's Health by assessing risk, knowledge, and preventive screening practices in refugee populations and provide recommendations to increase cancer-screening rates. The focus of the project was on cervical cancer prevention of Somali women refugees in Nebraska. In Year 1 of the project (2015-2016), a Refugee Screening Collaborative was created to provide input and recommendations throughout the project; focus groups and a literature review were completed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of cervical cancer screening and human papillomavirus vaccine among refugees and health care providers; and recommendations were made for the development and implementation of curricula and interventions that address the unique cultural and literacy needs of the population. This project demonstrates the importance of the Public Health Training Center program for building mutually beneficial partnerships between academia and practice.

BackgroundAgriculture workers are exposed to microbial component- and particulate matter-enriched organic dust aerosols. Whereas it is clear that exposure to these aerosols can lead to lung inflammation, it is not known how inflammatory responses are resolved in some individuals while others develop chronic lung disease. Interleukin (IL)-10 is an immunomodulatory cytokine that is recognized as a potent anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving factor. The objective of this study was to determine whether there is a relationship of systemic IL-10 and proinflammatory responses and/or respiratory health effects in humans with prior agriculture exposure.MethodsThis is a cross sectional study of 625 veterans with > 2 years of farming experience. Whole blood was stimulated with or without organic dust and measured for IL-6, TNFα and IL-10. Participants underwent spirometry and respiratory symptoms were assessed by questionnaire.ResultsWe found that baseline IL-10 concentration from the whole blood assay was inversely associated with ΔTNF-α (r = − 0.63) and ΔIL-6 (r = − 0.37) levels. Results remained highly significant in the linear regression model after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, race, education, smoking status, and white blood cell count (ΔTNF-α, p < 0.0001; ΔIL-6, p < 0.0001). We found no association between chronic cough (p = 0.18), chronic phlegm (p = 0.31) and chronic bronchitis (p = 0.06) and baseline IL-10 levels using univariate logistic regression models. However, we did find that higher FEV1/FVC was significantly associated with increased baseline IL-10 concentration.ConclusionsCollectively, these studies support a potential role for IL-10 in modulating an inflammatory response and lung function in agriculture-exposed persons.

In 2013, the Nebraska Department of Health & Human Services, Division of Public Health (Nebraska's State Health Department); and the University of Nebraska Medical Center, College of Public Health developed a comprehensive approach to assess workforce training needs. This article outlines the method used to assess the education and training needs of Division staff, and develop comprehensive workforce development plans to address those needs. The EDIC method (Engage, Develop, Identify, and Create) includes the following four phases: (1) Engage Stakeholders, (2) Develop Assessment, (3) Identify Training Needs, and (4) Create Development Plans. The EDIC method provided a process grounded in science and practice, allowed input, and produced buy-in from staff at all levels throughout the Division of Public Health. This type of process provides greater assurance that the most important gaps in skills and competencies will be identified. Although it is a comprehensive approach, it can be replicated at the state or local level across the country.