Children with ASD have small but measurable objective differences in their sleep parameters that are consistent with subjective reporting. Children with ASD have shorter TST, longer SL periods, and decreased SE as compared with TD peers. Concurrent ID, medication use, method of data collection, and age of subjects significantly moderated these results. The decrease in TST in children with ASD and normal intelligence was not significant as compared with TD peers, suggesting that ID may help explain the shortened TST in children with ASD.
Disruptive behavior disordersCase You are seeing a previously healthy 4-year-old William in your office for behavior problems at preschool and at home. This is the third preschool he has attended after having been asked to leave his prior two for out of control behavior. His mother reports that he refuses to comply with her directions and will argue with her when confronted. He frequently is involved in physical altercations in his preschool class. He tells his teacher at school and his mother that they are Bstupid^and that he hates them. His mother has brought William in today because she feels that she is at her Bwit's end^and his teacher thinks Bhe needs to be medicated.^Vanderbilt scales from his mother and teacher indicate attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, combined inattentive, and hyperactive type. You note that the oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) screen is positive for both mother and teacher. On further discussion, his mother states that she and William's father are divorced and that they differ significantly in their parenting styles. She admits she has mostly Bgiven up^on correcting her son's behavior, but his father is extremely strict and Bon him all the time.Ŷ ou discuss the importance of consistent parenting with the mother and recommend that the child and both parents establish care with a mental health professional for Parent Management Training (PMT). You also provide recommendations for parenting books. You discuss with William's mother that you would consider starting a stimulant attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication if behavioral interventions do not improve his functioning and plan to see him back in 3 months.
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