Magnetic resonance (MR) images of the lumbar spine from 150 patients were retrospectively reviewed. In 14 of these patients, at 18 disk levels, a vacuum phenomenon (VP) had been identified on plain radiographs and/or computed tomographic scans. The MR imaging appearance of these gas collections in 17 disks was an area without signal, best seen on spin-echo sequences with short repetition time and echo time in the sagittal view. MR imaging precisely located the VP in the anulus fibrosus, the nucleus pulposus, and Schmorl nodes. In all but one case, degeneration of the disk was complete and associated with adjacent changes in vertebral bone. Pitfalls of MR imaging detection of VP included chemical shift artifact, calcifications, and tears without gas in the disk.
Radiologic changes from trauma to the carpus are described. Emphasis is placed upon pathomechanics and characterization of greater and lesser arc injury patterns. Finally, the various posttraumatic instability patterns of the wrist are discussed.
A case of a Morgagni hernia is demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The correct diagnosis was facilitated by the ability to image directly the anteromedial diaphragmatic defect in the coronal and sagittal planes. The findings from MRI, computed tomography, and radiographic studies are correlated.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.