Actinomycosis in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome-Related Complex

Cutaneous Disseminated Actinomycosis in a Patient with Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

“…These reports proposed the risk factors to be as follows: neoplasms, diabetes mellitus, steroid usage, or other debilitating diseases (10,11). Four out of eleven HIV-infected patients with actinomycosis have been intractable (7,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Among four cases in this series, three were caused by Actinomyces israelli (16,17,20) and one by Actinomyces naeslundii (7).…”

“…Four out of eleven HIV-infected patients with actinomycosis have been intractable (7,(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21). Among four cases in this series, three were caused by Actinomyces israelli (16,17,20) and one by Actinomyces naeslundii (7). It is unclear if there is a predominance for the specific species under immunosuppression.…”

Oral actinomycosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

“…Presently actinomycosis is classi® ed as a lesion possibly associated, but not strongly associated with HIV infection 15 . To our knowledge even among the hundreds of thousands of patients with AIDS-related complex or overt AIDS only a few cases of actinomycosis have been reported 3,4,16 . The ® rst reported case was an extensive soft tissue cervico-facial actinomycosis with bone involvement in a patient with AIDS-related complex 3 .…”

Invasive mycotic and actinomycotic oropharyngeal and craniofacial infection in two patients with AIDS

“…The first report by Yeager et al [23] in 1986 described a case of extensive cervkofacial actinomycosis with bone involvement, secondary to tooth extraction. Subsequent reports concerned disseminated cutaneous abscesses [24], pulmonary involvement [25], cervical localization [ 261, oral infection by Actinomyces naeslundii discovered after tooth extraction [27] and two cases of perianal and anorectal involvement [28,291.…”