The first permanent molar (FPM) plays an essential role in the masticatory function by contributing to the implementation and the maintenance of the occlusion. However, it is considered as the most frequently affected and the earliest affected tooth by caries; 27.4% of the 6-8 years old children have developed at least one cavity on one of the four first permanent molars, according to a study conducted among 3276 school children in Casablanca .Therefore, the FPM should benefit from special vigilance on the part of the practitioner to ensure that any early carious lesion is intercepted. In addition, the FPM, due to its period of mineralization coinciding with early childhood diseases, can erupt with a structural abnormality. Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is considered to be the most common defects observed on first permanent molars among children. A study conducted among 1077 children aged 7-10 years enrolled in schools in Casablanca showed that 7.9% of children were affected with MIH. About 84.7% of the children had the four molars affected. Children with HIM had a significantly higher prevalence of caries: 78.8 versus 33.5%.These structural abnormalities of the enamel must be carried out earlier to ensure that the coronary anatomy is the least compromised.
IntroductionOral diseases may have an impact on quality of children's life. The presence of severe disability requires the use of care under general anesthesia (GA). However, because of the limited number of qualified health personnel, waiting time before intervention can be long. Aim: To evaluate the waiting time before dental care under general anesthesia for children with special needs in Morocco.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was carried out in pediatric dentistry unit of the University Hospital of Casablanca. Data were collected from records of patients seen for the first time between 2006 and 2011. The waiting time was defined as the time between the date of the first consultation and intervention date.Results127 children received dental care under general anesthesia, 57.5% were male and the average age was 9.2 (SD = 3.4). Decay was the most frequent reason for consultation (48%), followed by pain (32%). The average waiting time was 7.6 months (SD = 4.2 months). The average number of acts performed per patient was 13.5.ConclusionWaiting times were long, it is necessary to take measures to reduce delays and improve access to oral health care for this special population.
La motivation est une composante importante de l'apprentissage et de la performance. Il est important de la quantifier et de mesurer son évolution dans un parcours de formation long. Peu d'études ont été réalisées dans le domaine de la médecine dentaire. But : Mesurer et comparer le degré de motivation des étudiants de la faculté de médecine dentaire au début et en fin de formation. Méthodes : Étude transversale réalisée en 2011 à la faculté de médecine dentaire de Casablanca. Un questionnaire anonyme, comportant les variables sociodémographiques et une échelle pour mesurer le degré de motivation (SMMS), a été distribué à l'ensemble des étudiants de première et cinquième années. Le calcul des scores était réalisé par la somme des réponses aux items. Le score minimum est de 15 correspondants à l'absence de motivation et le score maximum est de 75 correspondants à une grande motivation. Résultats : Au total, 105 et 85 étudiants en 1 ère et 5 ème année respectivement avaient participé à l'étude. La fiabilité interne de l'échelle était bonne (α = 0,75). Les étudiants étaient modérément motivés avec un score SMMS de 48,1 avec IC 95 (46,9-49,3). Les étudiants de première année étaient significativement plus motivés que ceux de la cinquième année (moyenne du score SMMS de 51,2 (ET = 7,3) versus 44,1 (ET = 7,81), p < 10-4). Après stratification sur l'année d'étude, les étudiantes de sexe féminin étaient plus motivées que les garçons en première année. Conclusion : Le degré de motivation des étudiants en fin de formation était plus faible que celui des étudiants en première année, d'où la nécessité de renforcer la motivation de ces étudiants.
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