Ensuring food security of the Russian Federation is one of the most important tasks of state and local government. The modern agro-food policy of the Russian state is focused on the development of agriculture, which is able to provide the population with staple foodstuffs in accordance with rational norms and medical indicators and with minimal imports of agricultural products. The practical implementation of the Food Security Doctrine has contributed to the revival of lost positions in the field of agriculture and more sustainable economic development of the whole agro-industrial complex of the country. How-ever, the economic sanctions imposed on the Russian Federation had a negative impact on the economy of the agrarian sector. At the same time, the counter-sanctions introduced by the Russian state contributed to the transition from imports to accelerated domestic production of agricultural products, raw materials and food. The article discusses the development of Russian agriculture in the context of economic sanctions and their impact on ensuring the country's food security. The problem of ensuring the country's food security includes well-thought-out systemic solutions, researches and the implementation of an effective long-term strategy for the development of food security. Among such solutions is the development of a system of measures to improve reproduction, personnel, tax, credit, price, investment, innovation policies and other areas.
Abstract. In the context of a steadily changing macroeconomic and geopolitical situation and the formation of a new social reality, the issues of the efficiency of food supply and consumption are coming to the fore in the policy of any state. In this regard, the object of this study is to analyze and evaluate the phenomenon of social exclusion in food consumption and its role in the development of the food supply system for the population of our country in the context of macroeconomic instability and turbulence. The objectives of the study are: to identify the most important reasons that cause the persistence of the phenomenon of social exclusion in the field of food consumption in modern Russian society; assessment of the main factors and possible consequences of social exclusion in the socio-economic development of the country; analysis of the relationship between social exclusion, the efficiency of food consumption and the level of poverty in the sphere of food consumption of the population. Methods. To achieve the goal, inductive-deductive, program-target, structural-functional, expert-analytical and historical-retrospective methods were used. Scientific novelty consists in revealing the fundamental causes and main factors of maintaining social exclusion in the sphere of food consumption and determining ways to overcome it in the new social reality. Among the causes of social exclusion in the field of food consumption are endogenous and exogenous factors: the rudimentary preservation of the remnants of the past nomenclature system of catering and its revival in the face of growing bureaucracy; a relatively low share of imported high-quality food products and a high share of low-quality domestic food products; low level of transparency in the organization of food supply; weak legal control and a high level of irresponsibility of officials in the organization of various (especially special) food practices; comparatively high rates of inflation and growth in food prices compared to other groups of goods. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of theoretical and methodological aspects of this problem and the possibilities of its application in the food policy of the state.
УДК 658.336 СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ СИСТЕМЫ МАТЕРИАЛЬНОЙ МОТИВАЦИИ НА ПРИМЕРЕ АО «СМАК» Б. А. воронИн, доктор юридических наук, профессор, М. С. СЕрЕБрЕннИКовА, старший преподаватель, Л. н. ПЕтровА, старший преподаватель, Уральский государственный аграрный университет (620075 г. Екатеринбург, ул. К. Либкнехта, 42) Ключевые слова: организации аграрного комплекса, система материальной мотивации персонала, акционерное общество «СМАК», оплата труда.Исследование тенденций и закономерностей трудовой деятельности людей, создание высокоэффективного механизма мотивирования, квалификационного роста и направленности труда на получение высоких результатов производства является одним из главных факторов, обеспечивающих его развитие. Кроме того, научно обоснованная политика в области оплаты и материальной мотивации труда в организациях в современных условиях способствует преодолению экономического кризиса и оживлению производства, вовлечению в реальную экономику активных работников, включая молодых специалистов. Важнейшим элементом стимулирования труда в условиях развития рыночных отношений в России является заработная плата, которая служит одним из средств удовлетворения разнообразных потребностей членов общества. Именно поэтому совершенствование организации оплаты труда, разработка новых подходов к оплате труда, связанных с условиями конкретного производства и отвечающих современным требованиям экономической теории, приобретает сегодня особо актуальное значение. Теоретические вопросы совершенствования систем оплаты труда и мотивированности работников широко обсуждаются в современной экономической литературе. Многочисленные зарубежные и отечественные исследователи наряду с общетеоретическими проблемами подчеркивают актуальность проблем адаптации систем оплаты и мотивацию сотрудников к конкретным условиям функционирования организаций. Важными являются вопросы усиления связи уровня заработной платы с результатами производственной деятельности, а также реализация на практике стратегий сотрудничества работников и работодателей. Все перечисленное касается и организаций агропромышленного комплекса.
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