Environmental protection is one of the key problems in the process of accession of the Republic of Serbia to the European Union. That refers to agricultural production and livestock production which can be large source of environmental pollution. To prevent that, the EU Nitrates Directive must be implemented in Serbia in the following period. However, the Nitrates Directive implementation is related to numerous organizational and financial problems, especially at family farms with activity in livestock production. In this chapter, the authors presented characteristics of livestock production in the Republic of Serbia (cattle number, number of family farms, characteristics of housing capacities for animals and facilities for manure and slurry storage). The authors presented ways in which manure is stored, as well as the potentials of biogas production. Also, they presented models of livestock production financing, including subsidized credits for agriculture, which can facilitate the implementation of the Nitrates Directive at farms.
Faculty research is focused on the present state of organic agricultural production in the Republic of Serbia, with emphasis on existing legislation and activities planned in the next period, as well on the parallel between organic agriculture and basic principles of green economy, which represents great perspective of Serbia considering its natural potential. Having in mind that the green economy is recognized by leading world organizations for environmental protection as one of factors that could support realization of sustainable development concept through “greening” economy and opening of new “green” workplaces, the goal of this chapter is to indicate the potential and importance of the larger participation of farmers in organic production as one of the most realistic “green” chances of Serbia.
Identified trends of all systems evolution indicate the fact that strategic planning of development, as managerial decision which defines goals, and planned decision on how to realize determined goals, is not possible without insight into actual situation in the regions, municipalities and local communities. Regionalization can contribute to interactive usefulness, i.e. it can be useful for the one who spatially defined areas makes available for investors and it can be useful for investors, due to acceptability of economic environment. Institutional harmonization of competences can only contribute to entire development. Changes and regionalization, as a result of reasonable and unique strategic development policy, will contribute to improvement of entire economy, agriculture diversification and rural community activation. These processes can be harmonized with positive-legal regulative brought and conducted by the state institutions (politics, legal factors, financial taxes, harmonization of technological standards with ecological standards), with aim to prevent social and market imbalance (stagnation, recession, decline of morality, unfair competition).
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