Since the 1960s, when Richard Feynman talked for the first time about nanoparticles, scientists have worked to improve nanomedicine. As part of their effort, scientists have done new studies in the pharmacology and oncology fields and have found new uses for particles smaller than 100nm. For the first time in the treatment of cervical neoplasia a nanoparticle was used for drug delivery (DD). Our understanding of nanoparticles has evolved over the years providing new ideas such as using them in cervical cancer diagnosis, e.g. as biosensors. Lately, the combination between a particle and an enzyme or the enzyme's substrate was considered, enhancing significantly their performance. Enzymatic nanoreactors may bring the treatment of cervical cancer to a new stage of evolution. Although in vivo tests (on xenograft models) of certain enzymatic nanotechnology are promising, further studies are required to support and to improve the findings available at the moment. Rezumat:Din 1960, de la discursul lui Richard Feynman, când au fost puse bazele nanomedicinei, nanoparticulele au cunoscut multe schimbări în evoluția lor. Datorită dezvoltării farmacologiei și a descoperirilor în sfera oncologiei, au apărut noi roluri pentru particulele cu dimensiuni mai mici de 100nm. Astfel, în patologii precum neoplazia de col uterin nanoparticulele au apărut inițial pentru transportul substanțelor farmacologic active. Ulterior, au fost utilizate pentru detecția celulelor tumorale. Un pas major în evoluția nanomedicinei în cancerul de col uterin este asocierea nanoparticulelor cu diverse enzime sau substraturi enzimatice, apărând astfel nanoreactoarele enzimatice. Acestea au un viitor promițător în tratamentul cancerului de col uterin. Testele in vivo au demonstrat o penetranță bună la nivelul masei tumorale și o reducere semnificativă a acesteia în urma tratamentului.
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