Orthodontic tooth movement generate mechanical forces to periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The forces correlate with initial responses of periodontal tissues and involving many metabolic changes. One of the metabolic changes detected in saliva is lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between orthodontic interrupted force application, lactate dehydrogenase activity and the distance of tooth movement. Methods: upper premolar, pre-retraction of upper canine and 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-retraction of upper canine with 100g interrupted orthodontic force. Results: duration of force (F=11.926;; p 14 and 28 days post-retraction of canine. The region of retraction correlated with the distance of tooth movement (F=7.377;; p=0.007). The duration of force correlated with the distance of tooth movement (F=66.554;; p=0.000). retraction of canine. Conclusion: This study concluded that orthodontic interrupted force application on canine could increase the distance of tooth movement and LDH activity in saliva. ABSTRAK Aplikasi gaya ortodonti terhadap aktivitas laktat dehidrogenase dalam saliva. Pergerakan gigi secara ortodonti menghasilkan gaya-gaya mekanik pada jaringan periodontal dan tulang alveolar. Gaya-gaya mekanik ini berhubungan dengan respon awal pada jaringan periodontium and terjadi banyak perubahan-perubahan metabolik. Salah satu perubahan metabolik yang dapat terjadi adalah peningkatan aktivitas enzim laktat dehidrogenase yang dapat dideteksi dalam saliva. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara pemberian gaya ortodonti dan aktivitas laktat dehidrogenase dalam saliva serta jarak pergerakan gigi. Metode: Penelitian ini mengunakan 140 sampel saliva dari 20 subjek, yaitu saliva yang diambil sebelum pencabutan gigi premolar, sebelum penarikan gigi kaninus rahang atas, 1, 7, 14, 21, dan 28 hari setelah penarikan gigi kaninus dengan gaya ortodonti interrupted sebesar 100g. Hasil: Analisis ANOVA menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna antara aktivitas laktat dehidrogenase dengan durasi pemberian gaya (F=11,926;; p=0,000). Perbedaan bermakna juga ditunjukkan pada waktu sebelum dilakukan penarikan gigi kaninus dengan kelompok waktu 14 dan 28 hari. Terdapat kemaknaan antara regio penarikan berpengaruh terhadap jarak pergerakan (F=7,377;; p=0,007), dan terdapat pengaruh antara durasi pemberian gaya terhadap jarak pergerakan gigi (F=66,554;; p=0,000). Perbedaan bermakna diperlihatkan antara kelompok sebelum penarikan gigi kaninus terhadap kelompok 1, 7, 14, 21, dan 28 hari setelah penarikan gigi kaninus. Simpulan: Aplikasi gaya ortodonti pada gigi kaninus dapat meningkatkan jarak pergerakan gigi dan aktivitas laktat dehidrogenase dalam saliva.

ABSTRAKEfek pergerakan gigi pada perawatan ortodonti pada aktivitas aspartat aminotransferase saliva. Aspartat Tujuan: Metode:menggunakan gaya interrupted module chain)

Objectives: The objective of the study were to determine if there was any (bisphenol A) BPA release from three adhesive brands, to determine the differences of BPA release between three adhesive brands, to determine the genotoxicity from three adhesive brands, and to determine the correlation of BPA release and genotoxicity. Methods: Three branded adhesives materials were polimerized in mold and immersed in pH 7 and 4 artificial saliva from 24 to 720 hours. The artificial saliva was tested with spectrophotometry test to see BPA release at 24, 240, 480, and 720 hours, then freeze dried to get solid extract. Combination of the extract and lymphocite culture (male and female) then tested with in vitro cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) assay to see genotoxicity level of three adhesives at 24, 240, 480, and 720 hours as well. Results: The BPA release occured at 720 hours by Adhesive 1: 0.013μg/L; Adhesive 2: 0.11μg/L; Adhesive 3: 0.036μg/L. There was a statistically significant difference between BPA release with time (F = 505.98; p=0.00) and brands (F = 147.65; p = 0.00). Time and BPA release interaction also showed a statistically significant difference (F=13.35; p=0.00). Genotoxicity can be seen at 720 hours on Flowtain LV sample (MN frequency: male: 0.044; female: 0.053). Conclusion: The number of BPA release of all brand can be seen from the first 24 hours, and were increasing from 24 to 720 hours. Genotoxicity can be seen from one of the adhesive brand at 720 hours.There was correlation between BPA leaching and micronucleus frequency.