Background Internet technologies can create advanced and rich web-based apps that allow radiologists to easily access teleradiology systems and remotely view medical images. However, each technology has its own drawbacks. It is difficult to balance the advantages and disadvantages of these internet technologies and identify an optimal solution for the development of medical imaging apps. Objective This study aimed to compare different internet platform technologies for remotely viewing radiological images and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. Methods Oracle Java, Adobe Flash, and HTML5 were each used to develop a comprehensive web-based medical imaging app that connected to a medical image server and provided several required functions for radiological interpretation (eg, navigation, magnification, windowing, and fly-through). Java-, Flash-, and HTML5-based medical imaging apps were tested on different operating systems over a local area network and a wide area network. Three computed tomography colonography data sets and 2 ordinary personal computers were used in the experiment. Results The experimental results demonstrated that Java-, Flash-, and HTML5-based apps had the ability to provide real-time 2D functions. However, for 3D, performances differed between the 3 apps. The Java-based app had the highest frame rate of volume rendering. However, it required the longest time for surface rendering and failed to run surface rendering in macOS. The HTML5-based app had the fastest surface rendering and the highest speed for fly-through without platform dependence. Volume rendering, surface rendering, and fly-through performances of the Flash-based app were significantly worse than those of the other 2 apps. Conclusions Oracle Java, Adobe Flash, and HTML5 have individual strengths in the development of remote access medical imaging apps. However, HTML5 is a promising technology for remote viewing of radiological images and can provide excellent performance without requiring any plug-ins.
BACKGROUND Internet technologies can create advanced and rich web-based applications that allow radiologists to access easily to the teleradiology system and remotely view medical images. However, each technology has its own drawbacks. Thus, it is difficult to balance the advantages and disadvantages of these Internet technologies and identify an optimum solution for the development of medical imaging applications. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare different Internet technologies for remote viewings of radiological images and analyze their advantages and disadvantages. METHODS Three main Internet technologies, i.e. Oracle Java, Adobe Flash, and HTML5, were used to respectively develop a comprehensive web-based medical imaging application. This application connects to a medical image server and can provides several required functions for radiological interpretation, e.g. navigation, magnification, windowing, and fly-through. Java-, Flash-, and HTML5-based medical imaging applications were tested on different operating systems over a local area network and a wide area network. Three computed tomography colonography datasets and two ordinary laptops were used in the experiment. RESULTS The experimental results demonstrate that Java-, Flash-, and HTML5-based applications have the ability to provide real-time performances for all the provided two-dimensional tools. However, the three-dimensional (3D) performances of the three applications are different. The Java-based application needs the longest time for 3D rendering and the Flash-based application has the lowest frame rate for fly-through. Among these applications, the HTML5-based application is able to provide the fastest 3D rendering and the highest speed for fly-through without platform dependence. CONCLUSIONS Although HTML5 can evoke an excellent performance, it currently suffers from the browser support issue that may lead to inconsistent user experiences. In this case, Adobe Flash is good alternative technology. Both Adobe Flash and HTML5 have their individual strengths in the development of remote access medical imaging applications.
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