In
orthopedics, developing functionalized biomaterials to enhance
osteogenesis and bacterial resistance is crucial. Although poly(ether
ether ketone) (PEEK) is regarded as an important engineering plastic
for biomedical material with excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility,
its biological inertness has greatly compromised its application in
biomedical engineering. Inspired by the catecholamine chemistry of
mussels, we propose a universal and versatile approach for enhancing
the osteogenesis and antibacterial performances of PEEK based on surface
functionalization of polydopamine-modified nanohydroxyapatite and
lysozyme simultaneously. The characterizations of surface morphology
and elemental composition revealed that the composite coating was
successfully added to the PEEK surface. Additionally, the in vitro cell experiment and biomineralization assay indicated
that the composite coating-modified PEEK was biocompatible with significantly
improved bioactivity to promote osteogenesis and biomineralization
compared with the untreated PEEK. Furthermore, the antibacterial test
demonstrated that the composite coating had a strongly destructive
effect on two bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli) with antibacterial ratios of 98.7% and
96.1%, respectively. In summary, the bioinspired method for surface
functionalization can enhance the osteogenesis and bacterial resistance
of biomedical materials, which may represent a potential approach
for designing functionalized implants in orthopedics.
The influence of different reactivity coke on reduction, softening, melting and dropping properties of iron-bearing burden were studied by melting and dropping experiment, meanwhile reduction mechanism and softening-melting mechanism of stock column, as well as stock column pressure difference were also analyzed. The results show that reduction degree at 1 000°C increases, softening-melting start temperature and dropping temperature decrease, and melting temperature rises, when the coke reactivity increases from 24.76% to 56.28%. Softening and melting temperature interval increases, melting and dropping temperature interval reduces and stock column permeability is improved as the coke reactivity increased, which lead to softening-melting and dropping properties value of iron-bearing burden reducing. In addition, industrial experimental analysis shows that reducing agent rate (RAR) can be reduced by 8.26 kg/t using high reactivity coke (HRC) of 12%. Therefore, the appropriate increase of coke reactivity could improve stock column permeability and high temperature properties of iron-bearing burden, so as to reduce RAR.
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