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Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of mentalization in the association between adult attachment and interpersonal problems. Methods: The sample consisted of 89 patients with different types of mental disorders who were at the beginning of treatment in one of two medical centers. Both mediational analysis and path analysis were used to test the model. Results: The proposed model revealed a good model fit. The data indicate that mentalization fully mediates the effect of attachment on interpersonal distress. Symptom severity proved to be a strong confounding variable that influenced all other variables and reduced existing effects. Conclusion: We conclude that both mentalization and symptom distress are key components in the association of adult attachment and interpersonal problems. Therefore, we recommend research on integrative psychotherapy concepts rather than unilateral approaches.

ObjectivesAssociations between interpersonal problems and mentalization have rarely been investigated. In this study, we explored patterns of interpersonal problems, mentalization, symptom severity, and attachment during inpatient treatment and at follow‐up. Additionally, we investigated whether mentalization predicts a decrease in interpersonal distress.Method We analyzed time‐series data from patients with mental disorders. Data were collected at the beginning and at the end of inpatient treatment, and approximately 6 months after discharge from hospital.ResultsPatterns of correlations were stable from admission to the hospital until follow‐up. Treatment significantly increased the levels of mentalization and decreased the levels of interpersonal problems and symptom severity, whereas attachment was only partially targeted. Improvements in mentalization significantly predicted reduction in interpersonal distress at each point in time.ConclusionResults revealed characteristic patterns of interpersonal problems, mentalization, symptom severity, and attachment. Mentalization was found to play a key role in the reduction of interpersonal distress.

Our study explores the relationships between traffic-psychological driving-related personality traits, fluid intelligence, and cognitive abilities for drivers whose driver license has been revoked due to intoxicated driving (alcohol and/or drugs). We were able to show that high significant impacts on cognitive functions derive from the participants' age and fluid intelligence. In addition, driving-related personality traits like emotional instability, sense of responsibility and self-control contributed significantly to some of the cognitive abilities that are important for the fitness to drive. Additionally, mediating effects of fluid intelligence in the model are discussed. Traffic psychologists can use this knowledge in their assessment of drivers, mainly regarding the possible compensation of cognitive deficits regarding the fitness to drive.

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