A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence and risk factors of bovine mastitis caused by
Streptococcus agalactiae
from farms in and around Haramaya district, eastern Ethiopia. A total of 384 lactating cows were selected from small-, medium-, and large-scale production systems. California mastitis test (CMT) was used for screening subclinical mastitis. Out of the total animals examined, 63.02% (
n
= 242) had mastitis, where 6.77% (
n
= 26) and 56.25% (
n
= 216) were clinical and subclinical mastitis respectively. The quarter-level prevalence was 29.04% (
n
= 446), from which the clinical form was 6.38% (
n
= 98) and the subclinical was 22.66% (
n
= 348), and the rest quarters were blind 3.32% (
n
= 51). Milk samples from clinical as well as CMT positive quarters were cultured for isolation of
S. agalactiae
, where 10.3% (
n
= 46) resulted in growth of the bacterium. The prevalence of mastitis was found to be statistically significant among the age groups (
p
= 0.002), breed (
p
= 0.000), and parity (
p
= 0.000). Similar findings were found to the extrinsic risk factors considered; as production type (
p
= 0.010), teat injury (
p
= 0.02), and type of floor (
p
= 0.000). The study confirmed the importance of
S. agalactiae
as the cause of contagious mastitis and also identified the associated risk factors in the study farms and hence warrants serious attention.
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