GeSn alloys have already attracted extensive attention due to their excellent properties and wide-ranging electronic and optoelectronic applications. Both theoretical and experimental results have shown that direct bandgap GeSn alloys are preferable for Si-based, high-efficiency light source applications. For the abovementioned purposes, molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), physical vapour deposition (PVD), and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) technologies have been extensively explored to grow high-quality GeSn alloys. However, CVD is the dominant growth method in the industry, and it is therefore more easily transferred. This review is focused on the recent progress in GeSn CVD growth (including ion implantation, in situ doping technology, and ohmic contacts), GeSn detectors, GeSn lasers, and GeSn transistors. These review results will provide huge advancements for the research and development of high-performance electronic and optoelectronic devices.
The electronic properties of monolayer (ML) Ga2O3 and transport properties of ML Ga2O3-based n-type metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect
transistors (MOSFETs) are investigated by first-principles calculations
under the framework of density functional theory (DFT) coupled with
the nonequilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) formalism. The results
show that ML Ga2O3 has a quasi-direct band gap
of 4.92 eV, and the x- and y-directed
electron mobilities are 1210 and 816 cm2 V–1 s–1 at 300 K, respectively, under the full consideration
of phonon scattering. The electron–phonon scattering mechanism
shows a temperature-dependent behavior, with the acoustic modes dominating
below 300 K and optical modes dominating above 300 K. At a gate length
of L
g = 5 nm, the on-current of ML Ga2O3 n-MOSFET for high-performance (HP) application
is 2890 μA/μm, which is more than those of the most reported
two-dimensional (2D) materials. The delay time as well as the power
delay product of ML Ga2O3 MOSFETs can meet the
demands of the latest International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors
(ITRS) for HP and low-power (LP) applications until L
g is less than 4 and 5 nm, respectively. Through underlap
structure and doping optimization strategies, ML Ga2O3 n-MOSFET can further fulfill the ITRS requirements for 1
nm. At last, we compare the performance of the 32-bit arithmetic logic
unit (ALU) built on ML Ga2O3 MOSFETs with the
recently reported beyond-CMOS devices. Our results indicate that ML
Ga2O3 can serve as a promising channel material
in the post-silicon era.
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