Background: Menstrual pain is the most common pain and one of the main causes of referral to a doctor among young women. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) and Matricaria chamomile plants to treat menstrual pain. Methods: This double-blind randomized controlled trial study was performed on 50 female students of Kurdistan Medical Sciences residing in dormitory in 2018. Individuals were randomly divided into two groups of chmomile and yarrow using sealed envelopes. Twenty for people received 250 mg chamomile capsules every 8 hours and 26 people received 150 mg hydroalcoholic capsules of yarrow every 8 hours during the first three days of menstruation in two menstrual cycles. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and the severity of pain was assessed using visual analogue scale for the pain (VAS). Results: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of pain severity and duration of pain before taking the drug (p > 0.05). The average pain severity in the first menstrual cycle in the two groups decreased significantly (p< 0.05), which was more noticeable in the yarrow group. However, the average pain severity in the yarrow capsule group was lower than that of the chamomile capsule group, but this difference was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Both capsules of yarrow and chamomile reduce the severity of pain, but the yarrow capsule, with its long-lasting sedative effect, proved more helpful to reduce the severity of menstrual pain and could be effective in solving one of the issues among women.
Introduction: Spirituality is the most important aspect of human existentialism. This dimension is considered as a strong force in the center of life for more than one-third of the people worldwide. Spirituality is linked to health, a sense of goodness and recovery, and a factor in the continuation of life, finding its meaning and purpose. Aim: This study aimed to determine spiritual health level and its related factors in the students of Sanandaj universities in 2015. Method: The present study was a cross-sectional. The study population, were students of
BackgroundRapid dose assessment using biological dosimetry methods is essential to increase the chance of survival of exposed individuals in radiation accidents.ObjectivesWe compared the expression levels of the FDXR and RAD51 genes at 6 and 18 MV beam energies in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. The results of our study can be used to analyze radiation energy in biological dosimetry.MethodsFor this in vitro experimental study, from 36 students in the medical physics and virology departments, seven voluntary, healthy, non-smoking male blood donors of Khuzestan ethnicity with no history of exposure to ionization radiation were selected using simple randomized sampling. Sixty-three peripheral blood samples were collected from the seven healthy donors. Human peripheral blood was then exposed to doses of 0, 0.2, 0.5, 2, and 4 Gy with 6 and 18 MV beam energies in a Linac Varian 2100C/D (Varian, USA) at Golestan hospital in Ahvaz, Iran. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the expression levels of FDXR and RAD51 were determined 24 hours post-irradiation using the gel-purified reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique and TaqMan strategy (by real-time PCR).ResultsThe expression level of FDXR gene was significantly increased at doses of 2 Gy and 4 Gy in the 6 - 18 MV energy range (P < 0.001 and P < 0.008, respectively). The medians with interquartile ranges (IQRs) of the copy numbers of the FDXR gene at 2 Gy and 4 Gy doses under 6 and 18 MV beam energies were 2393.59 (1798.21, 2575.37) and 2983.00 (2199.48, 3643.82) and 3779.12 (3051.40, 5120.74) and 5051.26 (4704.83, 5859.17), respectively. However, RAD51 gene expression levels only showed a significant difference between samples at a dose of 2 Gy with 6 and 18 MV beam energies, respectively (P < 0.040). The medians with IQRs of the copy numbers of the RAD51 gene were 2092.77 (1535.78, 2705.61) and 3412.57 (2979.72, 4530.61) at beam energies of 6 and 18 MV, respectively.ConclusionsThe data suggest that the expression analysis of the FDXR gene, contrary to that of the RAD51 gene, may be suitable for assessment of high-energy X-ray. In addition, RAD51 is not a suitable gene for dose assessment in biological dosimetry.
10.30699/jambs.28.130.291 Background & Objective: Candida species, and most frequently isolated Candida albicans, are normal microorganisms of oral cavities; however, C. albicans is responsible for oral cavities in children with dental caries. As a new biologic technique, using probiotics has gained popularity in preventing and controlling diseases at present. Enterococcus durans has exhibited useful antioxidative properties and antibacterial and probiotic characteristics. This study aims to evaluate the effects of probiotic Enterococcus durans on the in vitro adhesion of Candida albicans. Materials & Methods: Reference bacteria strain of probiotic E. durans (ATCC 6056), C. albicans reference strain (PTCC-5027), and 10 clinical samples of C. albicans were provided. Adherence inhibition of Candida albicans was measured using microtiter plates applying two methods (addition of a mixed suspension of C. albicans and E. durans simultaneously and addition of E. durans 30 minutes before C. albicans). Data were analyzed with a repeated measure model. Statistical significance was set at P-value<0.01. Results: Adhesions of C. albicans biofilms decreased in the presence of the probiotic strain E. durans. Mean OD620 nm was within the range of 0.45 to 0.49, and 0.33 for OD490 nm. Conclusion: Using E. durans as a probiotic could reduce Candida albicans adhesion and, therefore, can be considered as an effective way to decrease its pathogenicity.
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