Bipolar resistive switching properties of Ag/a-IGZO/Pt structure resistive random-access memories (ReRAMs) were investigated. The amorphous In-GaZn-O (a-IGZO) films were prepared by a radio frequency magnetron sputtering system at room temperature in mixed gas ambient of argon (Ar) and oxygen (O 2 ). The oxygen partial pressures during sputtering deposition were varied from 0% to 17% to engineer defects in an a-IGZO layer. When the oxygen partial pressure increased to 17%, forming-free bipolar resistive switching properties were observed with nearly 100% device yield. In addition, the forming-free ReRAM device presents an enhanced resistive switching uniformity and an enhanced endurance. The forming-free resistive switching is attributed to the concentration of oxygen-related defects in an a-IGZO thin film via analyses of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and current-voltage (I-V) curves, with which it is possible to reduce the forming energy of silver (Ag) conductive filaments.
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