Today, 3D objects are an increasingly popular form of media. It has become necessary to secure them during their transmission or archiving. In this paper, we propose a two tier reversible data hiding method for 3D objects in the encrypted domain. Based on the homomorphic properties of the Paillier cryptosystem, our proposed method embeds a first tier message in the encrypted domain which can be extracted in either the encrypted domain or the clear domain. Indeed, our method produces a marked 3D object which is visually very similar to the original object. It seeks to be format compliant and to preserve the original size of the data, without the need for an auxiliary file. Moreover, large keys are used, rending our method secure for real life applications.
3D objects have come to play an essential role in industry. They can also be very large, sometimes containing millions of vertices, and therefore it is vital that they are compressed, particularly when it comes to uploading them to the web and during real time rendering. The Draco 3D object compression system, proposed by Google, is becoming an industry standard for the compression of 3D objects structured as geometric meshes or point clouds. These 3D objects are important assets which also need to be secured. In this paper, we propose the first 3D object crypto-compression method, which integrates an encryption step into Google's Draco compression scheme, by adding an AES encryption step during Draco's entropy encoding step. Our proposed Draco 3D object crypto-compression scheme is format compliant, has no size expansion and does not require additional information such as an auxiliary file. After the entire decoding process (joint decryption and decompression), the reconstructed 3D object obtained is identical to the one after a standard compression by Draco. Experimental results on real 3D objects and a security analysis show our proposed method is efficient.
For over a decade, 3D objects are an increasingly popular form of media. It has become necessary and urgent to secure them during their transmission or archiving. In this paper, we propose a new method to obtain a watermarked 3D object from high-capacity data hiding in the encrypted domain. Based on the homomorphic properties of the Paillier cryptosystem, our proposed method allows us to embed several secret messages in the encrypted domain with a high-capacity. These messages can be extracted in the plain-text domain after the 3D object decryption. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose a data hiding method in the encrypted domain where the high-capacity watermark is conserved in the plain-text domain after the 3D object is decrypted. The encryption and the data hiding in the encrypted domain are format compliant and without size expansion, despite the use of the Paillier cryptosystem. Each time a new message is embedded in the encrypted domain, flags are added in order to indicate which blocks are still available for the embedding of additional messages. After the decryption of a watermarked encrypted 3D object, our method produces a watermarked 3D object which is visually very similar to the original 3D object. From the decrypted watermarked 3D object, we can then extract all the embedded messages directly in the plain-text domain, without the need for an auxiliary file. Moreover, large keys are used, rending our method secure for real life applications.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.