The purpose of writing this review on floating drug delivery systems (FDDS) was to compile the recent literature with special focus on the principal mechanism of floatation to achieve gastric retention. It is known that differences in gastric physiology (such as, gastric pH, motility) exhibit both intra- as well as inter-subject variability demonstrating significant impact on gastric retention time and drug delivery behaviour. The recent developments of FDDS including the physiological and formulation variables affecting gastric retention, approaches to design single-unit and multiple-unit floating systems, and their classification and formulation aspects are covered in detail. This review also summarizes the studies to evaluate the performance and application of floating systems, and applications of these systems.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i5.10283International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(5): 110-118
Plant kingdom provides us abundance of plant with various medicinal properties. Which can be used as Remedial agents for various health issues. Mesua ferrae Linn. (Clusiaceae) is a rare plant which is being used for its properties and effects like antiseptic , anti-inflammatory, blood purifier, expectorant, purgative, antiasthmatic etc. Mesua ferrae Linn. (Nagakesara), cobra's saffron, is named after the heaviness of its timber and is mostly cultivated in tropical climates, consists foliage and fragrant flowers. It is highly used in the ayurveda for the treatment of pain, inflammation and rheumatic conditions. It is observed and proved that the presence of Phenylcoumarins, Xanthones, Triterpenoids, Fats and Flavanoids are presence in this plant which is responsible for its biological as well as medicinal properties. It is also known to be called Sri lankan ironwood, India rose chestnut. The tree can grow over 30 meters tall. Mesua Ferrae is cultivated as an ornamental plant due to its graceful shape, Pink to Red drooping leaves and large beautiful, fragrant white flowers. The present review summarizes various important, essential and medicinal properties of this Indian medicinal herb.
The human skin is a readily accessible surface for drug delivery.It is one of the most readily accessible organs of the human body. The potential of using the intact skin as the port of drug administration to the human body has been recognized for several decades, but skin is a very difficult barrier to the ingress of materials allowing only small quantities of a drug to penetrate over a period of time. During the past decade, the number of drugs formulated in the patches has hardly increased, and there has been little change in the composition of the patch systems. Modifications have been mostly limited to refinements of the materials used. The present article reviews the selection of drug candidates suitable to be formulated as Transdermal system and the methods of evaluation are also stated. © 2011 IGJPS. All rights reserved.
Microwave synthesis technique opens new avenues for the synthesis of many compounds. A novel and simple method has been developed for the synthesis of 1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) pyrazolidine-3,5-dione and 1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole derivatives under microwave irradiation. These compounds exhibit mild to moderate antimircrobial activity against different strains of bacteria (e.g. E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and B subtilis) and fungi (e.g. C. albicans and A. niger). All these synthesised compounds have been characterised by employing various techniques like TLC, Elemental analysis, IR, NMR and MS spectra. In addition to this, the yields of these compounds have been compared with the same compounds, obtained by conventional heating procedures. And the results show that by microwave irradiation method, the product yield is either high or may be same but it takes a very short period of time for reaction. Moreover, this technique provides ecofriendly or green chemical pathway for the synthesis of these compounds. Thus, the microwave irradiation method is more useful than the conventional method because of the shorter reaction time, better yield, conservation of energy and ecofriendly nature.
Hydantoins have widely been used as antiarrythmic, anticonvulsant and antitumor agents but recent research has shown a different and novel cytotoxic activity of hydantoins and its derivatives, i.e. anti HIV, antibacterial and antifungal. The following research article deals with the synthesis of hydantoins and their derivatives by Mannich reaction viz., 3-(substituted)-5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione and 1-(substituted)-3,5,5-triphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione. The synthesised compounds are novel and some of the compounds showed good antibacterial and antifungal activity equivalent to the standards used. All synthetic procedures were carried out in a microwave and not by conventional methods, which led to speedy process and high yield for the same.
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