Bovine milk is considered as one of the nutritious foods. Beta-casein is the most variant protein, which constitutes around 30% in the milk. A1 and A2 variants of Beta-casein have received lot of attention in health as well as research sectors. A1 milk is known to release a peptide called Betacasomorphin-7 (BCM-7) during gastrointestinal digestion. BCM-7 plays key role in the development of many health issues like human ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, schizophrenia, autism and Autistic Spectral Disorder (ASD). The present study has developed an allele specific PCR for detection and differentiation of A1 and A2 milk. DNA extraction from milk and allele-specific PCR amplification was standardized. Further, the developed assay was tested using various indigenous and exotic cow's milk samples and plausible results were obtained. Altogether, the assay will be an efficient way for screening and identifying A1, A2 homozygous and A1/A2 heterozygous milk.
Canine Parvovirus (CPV-2) is a major cause of gastroenteritis in dogs and wild carnivores worldwide. There are three variants of CPV-2 (CPV2a, CPV2b and CPV2c) circulating worldwide and generated due to mutations at VP2 capsid protein. VP2 is the major immuno dominant capsid protein that determines host specificity and diversity of the virus. In the present study, VP2 gene of Canine parvovirus was cloned and purified in E.coli (DE3) expression system. In-silico analysis of transformed pET22b-VP2 sequences were completely matched with amino acids sequences of the selected mature peptide. Purification of the r-VP2 protein was carried out in native condition by Ni-NTA sepharose column chromatography method. The purified protein can be used for development of diagnostics and prophylaxis for Canine Parvovirus (CPV-2).
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